Biological Control of Jimsonweed (<i>Datura stramonium</i>) with<i>Alternaria crassa</i>

Boyette, C. Douglas; Weidemann, G. J.; Beest, D. O. Te; Quimby, P. C.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500088561

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…varieties. Aug mentative applications cause infection and kill jimsonweed plants over a broad range of conditions (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Interactions of Alternaria crassa and Phenolic Metabolism in Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) Varieties

Hoagland¹,

Boyette²

1994

Weed sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alternaria crassa, a mycoherbicide for jimsonweed control, was tested for differential effects on growth, infectivity, and phenolic metabolism of two field-collected jimsonweed varieties. Seeds from field-grown red- and green-stemmed jimsonweed varieties were grown in the greenhouse and spores were applied in aqueous solutions. Infection studies showed no significant differences between the two weed varieties when tested at various growth stages from cotyledonary to 8–leaf stage at 2.5 × 104spores ml−1. Spore dose response tests with A. crassa spores (6.25 to 100 x103spores ml−1) showed no significant varietal differences in disease ratings. Extractable phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity increased nearly equally (2- to 3-fold above control) in both varieties (8- to 9-leaf stage) 48 to 72 h after treatment with 5 × 104spores ml−1. The only significant differences between treated varieties occurred 72 h after treatment. Exposure to A. crassa lowered total ethanol-soluble phenolic levels in both varieties 72 h after treatment. Spectrophotometric scans (400 to 700 nm) of ethanol extracts (72 h after treatment) indicated that infection caused some absorbance increases, especially in red-stemmed jimsonweed. Anthocyanin content was about 11-fold higher in red-stemmed than green-stemmed jimsonweed, and A. crassa treatment slightly increased the anthocyanin absorption peak of the red-stemmed variety.

show abstract

“…varieties. Aug mentative applications cause infection and kill jimsonweed plants over a broad range of conditions (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Interactions of Alternaria crassa and Phenolic Metabolism in Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) Varieties

Hoagland¹,

Boyette²

1994

Weed sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…C. truncatum, a pathogen of hemp sesbania ( Sesbania exaltata) [5], which is a weed of rice and cotton is reported in this investigation. Inundative [6] rather than classical [7] control of this weed is the ultimate goal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 84%

Comparison of culture methods for production of Colletotrichum truncatum spores for use as a mycoherbicide

Silman

1991

FEMS Microbiology Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Four culture systems were compared: (1) dialysis membranes (MF), (2) liquid shake flasks (LF), (3) solid particles with humidity control (SFC), and (4) solid particles without humidity control (SFE). A Plackett‐Burman fractional factorial experimental design was employed with 10 total variables. Eight media components, plus two levels of inoculum, were tested in all systems. Other variables were light vs. dark for MF, agitation level for LF, vermiculite vs. rice hulls for SFC, and particle size for SFE. High yeast extract (1 g/l) produced more (P < 0.01) spores than low (0.3 g/l) for all culture systems. Carbohydrate (sucrose) at 20 g/l produced more spores than at 40 g/l for SFC. MgSO4·7H2O at 2 g/l was better than none for LF and SFC. For MF, LF, SFC, and SFE, respectively, the overall average numbers of spores per ml of medium were 0.53, 0.72, 0.28, and 0.073×107, while the highest numbers of spores were 1.25, 2.75, 1.52, and 0.46×107. Thus, the method of production cannot be decided at this stage but must await further studies of recovery and storage.

show abstract

“…Following inoculation, plants were incubated for 16 h in a dew chamber 5 at 24 C and 100% RH. Following the dew treatments, plants were placed on subirrigated greenhouse benches.…”

Section: Hypersensitive Injury By the Pathogen Limited To Small Nondmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Infection and mortality of greenhouse-grown jimson weed were optimal when postinoculative air and dew tempera tures were between 20 to 30 C, by dew period durations of at least 8 h, and by inoculum concentrations from 1 x 10 5 to 1 x 10 6 conidia ml -1 (4). Jimsonweed control averaged 96 and 87% for Mississippi and Arkansas field trials conducted from 1985 to 1987 (5). Host range tests revealed that infection by A. crassa was restricted to jimsonweed with limited infection occurring on tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host Range Alteration of the Bioherbicidal FungusAlternaria crassawith Fruit Pectin and Bant Filtrates

Boyette¹,

Abbas²

1994

Weed sci.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In greenhouse tests, the host specificity ofAlternaria crassa(Sacc.) Rands, a mycoherbicide for jimsonweed was altered by the addition of water-soluble filtrates of jimsonweed and hemp sesbania or fruit pectin to fungal conidia suspensions. Several crop and weed species that were resistant to the fungus alone exhibited various degrees of susceptibility following these amendments, with 100% mortality occurring to the weeds hemp sesbania, showy crotalaria, and eastern black nightshade when treated with the fungus/pectin mixture. Nonhost plants that were inoculated with conidial mixtures amended with sucrose or cellulose were not affected. Modification of host specificity of this pathogen could have an influence on its bioherbiddal potential

show abstract

Biological Control of Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium) withAlternaria crassa

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Pathogenic Interactions of Alternaria crassa and Phenolic Metabolism in Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) Varieties

Pathogenic Interactions of Alternaria crassa and Phenolic Metabolism in Jimsonweed (Datura stramonium L.) Varieties

Comparison of culture methods for production of Colletotrichum truncatum spores for use as a mycoherbicide

Host Range Alteration of the Bioherbicidal FungusAlternaria crassawith Fruit Pectin and Bant Filtrates

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About