Biological component of the NIMH Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the psychobiology of depression: II. Methodology and data analysis

Secunda, Steven K.; Koslow, Stephen H.; Redmond, D. Eugene; Garver, David L.; Ramsey, T. A.; Croughan, Jack; Kocsis, James H.; Hanin, Israel; Lieberman, K.W.; Casper, Regina C.

doi:10.1017/s0033291700055069

Cited by 50 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…The design and methods of the NIMH Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression-Biological Studies have been described in detail (15). In brief, patients were required to meet Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) criteria for primary major affective disorder, either recurrent unipolar depressed, bipolar depressed, or bipolar manic.…”

Section: Materials and Methods General Design Of The Collaborative Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At entry to the project, patients were evaluated using the SADS, a demographic personal history form, and a complete medical history and evaluation (15). Diagnostic results, clinical course characteristics, and sociodemographic features of these patients have been reported (18).…”

Section: Demographic and Behavior Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the ratings, constructs were developed for depressed mood, anxiety, psychomotor agitation, psychomotor retardation, hostility, somatization, distressed appearance, interpersonal sensitivity, positive adaptation, sleep disturbance, and cognitive impairment. Patients had complete behavioral evaluations on the third, tenth, and fifteenth day of placebo treatment (15).…”

Section: Demographic and Behavior Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress, depression, and mania: relationship between perceived role of stressful events and clinical and biochemical characteristics

Swann

Secunda²,

Stokes

et al. 1990

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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We investigated the perceived role of stressful events in episodes of major affective disorder in patients studied in the NIMH Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression (Biological Studies). Using items from the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS), episodes were divided into environment-sensitive (high perceived role of stressful events) and autonomous (minimal or no perceived role of stressful events). Patients with environment-sensitive episodes had fewer previous episodes and a longer index episode. The groups did not differ with respect to age, gender, education, socioeconomic group, diagnosis, severity of illness, or eventual response to treatment. Unipolar depressed patients with environment-sensitive episodes had lower CSF 5-HIAA than those with autonomous episodes. Among bipolar depressed patients, those with autonomous episodes had elevated excretion of O-methylated catecholamine metabolites and of epinephrine, while those with environment-sensitive episodes had normal excretion of catecholamines and metabolites. Manic subjects with environment-sensitive episodes had elevated norepinephrine excretion, while this was normal in manics with autonomous episodes. Relationships between environmental sensitivity of affective episodes and neurotransmitter function therefore appear to be related to the type of episode.

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Section: Materials and Methods General Design Of The Collaborative Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demographic and Behavior Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Demographic and Behavior Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stress, depression, and mania: relationship between perceived role of stressful events and clinical and biochemical characteristics

Swann

Secunda²,

Stokes

et al. 1990

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…Patients. The sample consisted of 120 hospitalized patients with primary major depressive disorder, who participated in the Collaborative Study on the Psychobiology of Depression (26,27). The diagnostic criteria and instruments used for selection and classification of patients and control subjects included the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (SADS) (28) and the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC) (29).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Weight loss, cortisol levels, and dexamethasone suppression in major depressive disorder

Casper¹,

Swann²,

Stokes³

et al. 1987

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Appetite and/or weight loss are integral, albeit not necessary, symptoms of depression. We explored the contribution of diminished appetite and/or weight loss ascertained by history to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis dysregulation in 120 patients with primary major depressive disorder. Significant positive relationship for both appetite and weight loss with cortisol levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were observed. Plasma cortisol levels were consistently higher in patients who noted both appetite and weight loss as opposed to patients without appetite or weight loss. Depressed patients with weight loss showed higher rates of dexamethasone-nonsuppression. Age and severity of depression influenced but did not eliminate the significance of the findings, suggesting that weight loss accounts in part for the HPA-axis function changes observed in depression.

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“…We can ÿnd his students in many of our major departments, even today, in leadership roles. [2][3][4] This is an example of working with Sam as a consultant. Although he was no longer o cially associated with NIMH, he was listed as a co-investigator in this study programme.…”

Section: Sam Greenhouse As a Consultant And Mentormentioning

confidence: 99%

The contributions of Sam Greenhouse to research on psychiatric diagnosis and psychopharmacology

Katz¹,

Berman²

2003

Statistics in Medicine

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Sam Greenhouse began his involvement in mental disorders research in 1954 when appointed chief of the Theoretical Statistics and Mathematics section at the National Institute of Mental Health. He remained with the NIMH until 1966. Despite moving on to several other positions at the NIH and at the university during the ensuing years, he continued as a consultant to NIMH investigators. He also participated actively as an advisor and co-investigator on a number of important collaborative research programmes launched by the Institute in the 1970s and 1980s. His contributions to the design and methodology of the first clinical trials of drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia, to research aimed at revising the national and international classification systems for the mental disorders, and his participation in the planning of the first attempt to use the collaborative research model to test hypotheses about the genesis of a specific mental disorder (depression), are described. Finally, the signal importance of the 'profile analysis of variance' method that he and Seymour Geisser developed, to research on personality and mental disorders, is examined in detail. The authors describe applications of the method in their own research on the classification of the mental disorders, predicting response to drug treatment and the variations in the expression of mental illness across different cultures. Sam worked in mental health during an era of revolutionary changes in the diagnosis and treatment of mental disorders. The field was acutely aware of his many contributions to the progress of research and his colleagues are very grateful to have had the opportunity to work with him.

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Biological component of the NIMH Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the psychobiology of depression: II. Methodology and data analysis

Cited by 50 publications

References 94 publications

Stress, depression, and mania: relationship between perceived role of stressful events and clinical and biochemical characteristics

Stress, depression, and mania: relationship between perceived role of stressful events and clinical and biochemical characteristics

Weight loss, cortisol levels, and dexamethasone suppression in major depressive disorder

The contributions of Sam Greenhouse to research on psychiatric diagnosis and psychopharmacology

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