Biological Characteristics, Population Parameters, Exploitation Status and Spawning Potential Ratio of Giant Tiger Prawn (Penaeus Monodon Fabricius, 1798) in Sebatik Waters, Kalimantan Utara

Abstract

The limited data and the unreported information about the yields of giant tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798) in Sebatik caused difficulties in estimating potention and stock status of tiger prawn. The study that could be applied for estimating stock status and management strategy for sustainable shrimp fisheries in Sebatik Waters was the study about biological characteristics, population parameters and spawning potential ratio. Samples were obtained from the catch of trammel net by fishers in some landing areas in Tanjung Aru and the biometric data has been collected during April-December 2018. The growth parameters were obtained from the movement of the monthly mode of carapace length that were based on the Von Bertalanffy growth model. Exploitation status was obtained from exploitation rate of E and length based SPR. The results showed that the mean size of shrimps that was captured by trammel net was 46,9±0,14 mmCL for male and 53,4±0,25 mmCL for female. Most of shrimps were caught before they spawn (Lc=51,2 mmCL<Lm=55,8 mmCL) and tiger prawns spawn throughout the year that the peaks occurred in Agustus dan November-December. Female shrimp has larger size (L∞ jantan=66,25 mmCL; L∞ betina=84,5 mmCL) and faster growth rate( K male=1,27 year-1; K female=1,39 year-1) than the male. The natural mortality of male shrimp was the same as the female (M=1,7 tahun-1) while the fishing mortality of male was higher than female (F male=2,13 tahun-1; F female=1,7 tahun-1). Exploitation status of tiger prawn in Sebatik Waters was fully exploited (E=0,5-0,55) and the shrimp stock has not been on growth overfishing yet according to spawning potential ratio of 34%. The shrimps fishing in Sebatik Waters could continue by avoiding the fishing on the nursery ground.