Biological Aspects of the Mature Boar Spermatozoon

Rodríguez-Gil, Joan E.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-35049-8_2

Cited by 6 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In this respect, we must remember that the semen deposition area of many species is precisely the aforementioned ones, which present a very strong immune response against spermatozoa. Furthermore, the great volume of boar ejaculate, combined with the contraction movements of the sow uterus during estrus, lessens boar sperm activity to reach the appropriate uterine grooves that will channel sperm transit to the oviduct (See [12] as a review.) However, the fact that boar sperm presents lower levels of motility than, for example, dog sperm, will imply that the energy management that ultimately causes this specific type of movement has to be different from that of other species.…”

Section: Overview Of Mammalian Sperm Energy Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current knowledge on boar sperm metabolism: Comparison with other mammalian species

Rodríguez-Gil

Bonet

2016

Theriogenology

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Section: Overview Of Mammalian Sperm Energy Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current knowledge on boar sperm metabolism: Comparison with other mammalian species

Rodríguez-Gil

Bonet

2016

Theriogenology

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“…Spermatozoa produce the energy required to maintain their metabolism and allow their intrinsic motility, principally through glycolytic pathways (Rodríguez-Gil, 2013). Therefore, any extender must contain an energy source, which is often glucose, as other sources such as galactose, ribose and threhalose have been reported to give worse results (Gadea, 2003).…”

Section: Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art of boar sperm preservation in liquid and frozen state

Yeste

2017

Anim Reprod

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Pig breeding is mainly conducted through Artificial Insemination (AI) in Western and developing countries. Apart from requiring specific catheters and trained staff, preserving boar semen in proper conditions is needed to ensure high reproductive performances. Although, at present, boar sperm may be preserved in liquid (15-17ºC) or frozen states, more than 95% of AIs are conducted using liquid semen. The present work reviews the state-the-art of these two preservation technologies. Thus, the composition and types of extenders for liquid-stored semen are discussed, together with the specific requirements for boar sperm, which are stored at 15-17ºC. Commercial extenders for liquid semen are compared and the effects of storage on sperm quality are also summarised. In the second part of the manuscript, the main features of boar sperm cryopreservation are described and reference to cryodamage is also made. These cryoinjuries mainly affect sperm motility, membrane permeability and chromatin integrity. Furthermore, the individual variability in the sperm resilience to withstand cryopreservation procedures is reviewed and a brief summary about freezability markers is also included. Final sections briefly discuss the improvement of freezing extenders with additives, such as seminal plasma and antioxidants, and highlight the relevance of using a proper AI technique to avoid dramatic drops in reproductive performance.

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“…The current understanding of the processes that are involved in the acquisition of the sperm ability to fertilize oocytes includes two sequential processes: capacitation and acrosome reaction that encompasses several key components: the presence of energy substrates necessary for ATP production; intracellular ion concentration and pH changes; cholesterol efflux and membrane fusion (Yanagimachi, ). Unfortunately, and despite vast amount of knowledge accumulated by many investigators in the past 20 years, there are several commonplaces regarding sperm energy metabolism, which, in fact, obstruct an optimal practical application of this knowledge (Rodríguez‐Gil, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Boar spermatozoa have a high affinity for hexoses for being used in the glycolytic pathway for the production of ATP as well as for non‐hexose compounds such as the glycolytic end products pyruvate and lactate (Jones, ). Despite the large controversy on this topic, several authors concluded that the most important metabolic pathway by which mature boar spermatozoa obtain energy is glycolysis (Rodríguez‐Gil, ). In a metabolomic study, it has been observed that approximately 95% of the energy yielded by glucose in boar spermatozoa is originated by the glycolytic pathway (Marin et al., ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, it has also been observed that the achievement of a feasible, progesterone‐induced in vitro AR is concomitant with a rapid and intense increase in the oxygen consumption rate, which indicates a rapid, transitory and intense peak of the mitochondrial respiratory activity (Ramio‐Lluch et al., ). This seems to indicate that this minority energy would be necessary for the achievement of acrosome reaction; meanwhile, glycolysis‐synthesized energy would be the main energy source for all other boar spermatozoa necessities (Rodríguez‐Gil, ). However, information regarding the mechanisms to control energy support in boar spermatozoa is still scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Participation of phosphofructokinase, malate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase in capacitation and acrosome reaction of boar spermatozoa

Breininger

Dubois

Pereyra

et al. 2017

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The aim of this work was to determine the enzymatic activity of phosphofructokinase (PFK), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) in boar spermatozoa and study their participation in bicarbonate-induced capacitation and follicular fluid-induced acrosome reaction. Enzymatic activity of these enzymes was determined spectrophotometrically in extracts of boar spermatozoa. Sperm suspensions were incubated in the presence of bicarbonate (40 mM), a well-known capacitation inducer, or follicular fluid (30%), as an acrosome reaction inducer, and different concentrations of oxoglutarate, oxalomalate and hydroxymalonate, inhibitors of PFK, IDH and MDH, respectively. Capacitation percentages were determined by the fluorescence technique of chlortetracycline (CTC), and true acrosome reaction was determined by trypan blue and differential-interferential contrast, optical microscopy. The activity of PFK in boar spermatozoa enzymatic extracts was 1.70 ± 0.19 U/10 spermatozoa, the activity of NAD- and NADP-dependent IDH was 0.111 ± 0.005 U/10 and 2.22 ± 0.14 U/10 spermatozoa, respectively, and the activity of MDH was 4.24 ± 0.38 U/10 spermatozoa. The addition of the specific inhibitors of these enzymes prevented sperm capacitation and decreased sperm motility during capacitation and inhibited the acrosome reaction (AR), without affecting the sperm motility during this process. Our results demonstrate the participation of PFK, IDH and MDH in bicarbonate-induced capacitation and follicular fluid-induced acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa, contributing to elucidate the mechanisms that produce energy necessary for these processes in porcine spermatozoa.

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Biological Aspects of the Mature Boar Spermatozoon

Cited by 6 publications

References 43 publications

Current knowledge on boar sperm metabolism: Comparison with other mammalian species

Current knowledge on boar sperm metabolism: Comparison with other mammalian species

State-of-the-art of boar sperm preservation in liquid and frozen state

Participation of phosphofructokinase, malate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase in capacitation and acrosome reaction of boar spermatozoa

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