Biological aspects and predation behavior of Ceraeochrysa cubana against Spodoptera frugiperda

Abstract

Mortality of neonate larvae and eggs of Spodoptera frugiperda has an important contribution to the management of this pest. This work aimed to determine the development, quantify the consumption, the time of search and handling of eggs of S. frugiperda by Cereaochrysa cubana. The duration of development and the survival of C. cubana were determined using eggs of the alternative prey Anagasta kuehniella; eggs, newborn caterpillars and combined feeding of egg + newborn caterpillars of S. frugiperda. The daily and total consumption, the search and handling time were also evaluated, comparing eggs and caterpillars of S. frugiperda as prey. The duration of the larvae to adult phase of C. cubana was prolonged when the food was newborn caterpillars or eggs + newborn caterpillars of S. frugiperda (35.7 and 34.6 days) when compared to eggs of A. kuehniella and S. frugiperda (25.5 and 25.9 days). The predator's larvae showed a shorter larval and adult period when fed with eggs in relation to caterpillars. Larval viability of C. cubana was lower when fed with eggs + newborn caterpillars. Higher consumption and shorter search and handling time on newborn caterpillars of S. frugiperda, compared to prey eggs, are carried out by larvae of C. cubana during the third instar. Key words: biology; chrysopodes; fall armywormAspectos biológicos e comportamento da predação de Ceraeochrysa cubana sobre Spodoptera frugiperda RESUMO A mortalidade de ovos e larvas neonatas de Spodoptera frugiperda possui importante contribuição para o manejo desta praga. Este trabalho objetivou determinar o desenvolvimento, quantificar o consumo, o tempo de busca e de manipulação de ovos de S. frugiperda por Cereaochrysa cubana. A duração do desenvolvimento e a sobrevivência de C. cubana foram determinadas empregando-se ovos da presa alternativa Anagasta kuehniella; ovos, lagartas neonatas e alimentação combinada de ovos + lagartas neonatas de S. frugiperda. Também foram avaliados os consumos diário e total, o tempo de busca e de manipulação, comparando-se ovos e lagartas de S. frugiperda como presa. A duração da fase de larva a adulto de C. cubana foi prolongada quando o alimento foi lagartas neonatas ou ovos + lagartas neonatas de S. frugiperda (35,7 e 34,6 dias) comparado a ovos de A. kuehniella e S. frugiperda (25,5 e 25,9 dias). Larvas do predador apresentam menor período de larva-adulto quando alimentados com ovos em relação a lagartas. A viabilidade larval de C. cubana foi menor quando alimentadas com ovos + lagartas neonatas. O maior consumo e menor tempo de busca e de manipulação sobre lagartas neonatas de S. frugiperda, em comparação aos ovos da presa, são realizados por larvas de C. cubana durante o terceiro instar.

Predation of Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) on Hyadaphis foeniculi (Passerini) (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

“…For Nunes et al (2017), the smaller prey size in relation to the predator and its fast movement may make the first instar larvae need more time to find the prey. Under field conditions, prey finding by the predator can be facilitated by infestation and gregarious aphid behavior in plants.…”

“…Handling time of H. foeniculi nymphs by C. cubana larvae did not present significantly difference between predator instars, as well as in relation to previous diets (Table 4). Nunes et al (2017), in a study on biological aspects and behavior of C. cubana predation on Spodoptera frugiperda (JE Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), found that the mean time taken by the chrysopidae to attack and consume prey decreased according to its development.…”

The green lacewingChrysopa formosaas a potential biocontrol agent for managingSpodoptera frugiperdaandSpodoptera litura

“…Nunes et al . (2017) reported that the third-instar larvae of Ceraeochrysa cubana (Hagen) could consume 47.4 eggs and 63.5 newborn caterpillars of S. frugiperda daily, which is similar to consumption by C . formosa (46.2 ± 8.9 eggs and 66.8 ± 13.3 first-instar larvae) (Li et al ., 2021).…”

Diversity and abundance of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) in a Conilon coffee plantation in Acre, Brazil

“…Ceraeochrysa cubana is widespread in the Neotropics, has resistance to various insecticides (Cordeiro et al 2010;Ono et al 2017) and preys on several agricultural pests, such as Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) (Nunes et al 2017), Aleurocanthus woglumi Ashby, 1915 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) (Oliveira et al 2016) and Aphis gossypii Glover, 1877 (Hemiptera: Aphididae) (Alcantra et al 2008). Our results suggest that C. cubana is well adapted to the climatic and environmental conditions in Acre, and may be a suitable candidate for use in biological control programs for coffee pests in Acre, such as Praelongorthezia praelonga (Douglas, 1891) (Hemiptera: Ortheziidae), Leucoptera coffeella (Guérin-Mèneville & Perrottet, 1842) (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae) and Brevipalpus phoenicis (Geijskes, 1939) (Acari: Tenuipalpidae), which are known to be predated by other Chrysopidae species (Chrysopa sp.…”