Biological activity of two neem seed kernel extracts against the two‐spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch

Dimetry, Nadia Z.; Amer, S. A. A.; Reda, A. S.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1993.tb01201.x

Cited by 52 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…For neem based products, this approach is especially important due to their special mode of action and delayed effects on arthropods (Scmutterer 1990). Besides direct mortality (Momen et al 1997, Castiglioni et al 2002, neem causes reduction in fertility (Dimetry et al 1993), longevity and fecundity of mites (Martínez-Villar et al 2005). Thus, subletal effects should be considered when selecting neem concentrations for mite control.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Its major active ingredient (azadirachtin) may cause several negative effects on arthropods, such as feeding inhibition, repellency, decreased oviposition, reduced fertility and fecundity, changes in behavior and increased mortality (Schumutterer 1990, Dimetry et al 1993, Mordue & Nisbet 2000, Musabyimana et al 2001. Neem based products were shown to cause deleterious effects on several mites species as well (Mansour et al 1997, Gonçalves et al 2001, Makundi & Kashenge 2002, Venzon et al 2005, 2008b, Brito et al 2006a, but no studies have yet been carried out on their effect on T. evansi.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Soto¹,

Venzon²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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-Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard is an important pest of solanaceous plants, including tomatoes. This mite is characterized by a high reproductive rate, which leads to high population growth in a short period of time causing important economic damage. Control of T. evansi is mainly through synthetic acaricides. In searching for environmentally friendly control measures, we evaluated the effi ciency of alternative products to control T. evansi on tomato plants under greenhouse conditions. The products tested were lime sulphur and neem based products. We fi rst estimated the lethal concentration (LC) and instantaneous rate of increase (r i ) of T. evansi exposed to different product concentrations in laboratory conditions, and later tested the effi cacy of LC 95 and the concentrations that restrained mite population growth (r i = 0) in greenhouse conditions. The following treatments were repeated three times: NeemPro (81.0 and 71.6 mg a.i./l), Natuneem (31.1 and 20.4 mg ai/l), Organic Neem (39.1 and 30.4 mg a.i./l), lime sulphur (1.0 and 0.6%) and water (control). For all products, control provided by LC 95 was higher than provided for lower concentrations (r i = 0) one day after spraying. However, after fi ve days, for both concentrations, the percentage of T. evansi population reduction was superior to 95% and increased over time. Only plants sprayed with Natuneem (31.1 mg a.i./l) showed symptoms of phytotoxicity. Lime sulphur and neem based products, applied in appropriate concentrations and formulations, bear out as a viable alternative to control T. evansi on tomato plants.KEY WORDS: Acari, Azadirachta indica, lime sulphur, effi ciency, phytotoxicityThe tomato red spider mite, Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, is an important pest of solanaceous plants, especially tomatoes (Flechtmann 1983, Bonato 1999, Ferragut & Escudero 2002. This mite is characterized by a high reproductive capacity, which leads to high population levels in a short time, causing important economic damage (Moraes & McMurtry 1986). Additionally, the mite produces large quantities of webs on the infested plants, hampering the action of natural enemies (Gerson 1985, Sabelis & Bakker 1992. The control of T. evansi in tomato is done mainly with application of synthetic pesticides. Despite its relative effi ciency, chemical control has several negative impacts as the selection of resistant individuals due to the continuous use of certain active ingredients, the reduction or elimination of benefi cial species, the high toxicity of products to applicators, and the presence of residues in food (Picanço et al 2007, Maniania et al 2008.A viable alternative to the problems arising from excessive use of synthetic pesticides in tomato production is the use of methods that provide control with social and environmental safety. In the search for such methods, natural enemies are being evaluated as biological control agents of T. evansi (Wekesa et al 2005, Furtado et al 2007, Brito et al 2009. Another strategy that has been used where con...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Soto¹,

Venzon²,

Oliveira³

et al. 2010

Neotrop. entomol.

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“…However, other plant extracts have been investigated and the findings for T. urticae are similar to those of our study. Neem seed kernel extracts and its formulation are reported to influence mortality, repellency, and fecundity of mites [27][28][29]. It was found out that the two commercial preparations of neem seed extracts (Margosan-0 and Neem Azal S, Neem Azal T/S) were effective on T. urticae [16,30].…”

Section: Effect On Egg-laying Capacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigations on the Effects of Five Different Plant Extracts on the Two-Spotted MiteTetranychus urticaeKoch (Arachnida: Tetranychidae)

Erdoğan

Yıldırım

Sever

2012

Psyche: A Journal of Entomology

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Two-spotted mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Arac.: Tetranychidae), is an economic pest worldwide including Turkey, causing serious damage to vegetables, flowers, and fruit crops. In recent years, broad-spectrum insecticides/miticides have been used to control this pest in Turkey. Control is difficult mainly due to resistance to conventional pesticides. This study was conducted to determine efficacy of pesticides extracted from five different plants [i.e., Allium sativum L. (Amaryllidaceae), Rhododendron luteum S. (Ericaceae), Helichrysum arenarium L. (Asteraceae), Veratrum album L. (Liliaceae), and Tanacetum parthenium L. (Asteraceae)] against this mite. Bioassays were tested by two different methods to determine the effects of varying concentrations. Experiments were performed using 3 cm diameter leaf disk from unsprayed bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). In addition, the effects of the extracts on reproduction and oviposition were investigated. The extract yielded high mortality. In the lowest-concentration bioassays, the adult mites laid lower numbers of eggs compared to the untreated control. No ovicidal effect was observed.

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“…Thus, increasing the persistence level of the botanical insecticidal extract on the plant is needed to increase the pesticide effect and to enhance the application of botanical products. The activity of neem based formulations on mites as solvents and additives in neem seed kernel extracts were reported to influence the mortality, repellency, and fecundity of mites; the two commercial preparations of neem seed kernels Margosan-O and Neem azal-S with 3000 ppm and 3500 ppm azadirachtin, respectively were effective in decreasing the population of T. urticae (Dimetry et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactivity of Indigenous Medicinal Plants against the Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae

hammad¹,

Akkary²,

Saliba³

et al. 2017

JAS

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Forty two methanol extracts and 12 aqueous extracts of 29 indigenous medicinal plant species were tested for their acaricidal bioactivity against the two spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae adults at the laboratory. Fourteen methanol plant extracts caused significant mortality in mites. This is the first report for the potential effect on survival of mites for 27 tested endemic plant species. Methanol whole plant extracts (WPEs) of Lotus carmeli, Alchemilla diademata, Eryngium deserlorum and aqueous fruit extracts (FrEs) of Melia azedarach caused toxic effects against the adult mites in the range of 41-46% mortality. The methanol WPE of L. carmeli and the aqueous FrE of M. azedarach (1:5) caused the highest mite mortality of 43.55% and 45.55%, respectively and each was used as reference sample for potential acaricidal activity in the methanol and aqueous treatment groups. The latter extract was not significantly different in its effect from aqueous extracts of M. azedarach leaf extract (LE) and Achillea damascena WPE. Methanol extracts of Salvia rubifolia flowers and Calendula palestina FrE were found to be more active against the adult mite than their extracts of other plant parts as leaves and flowers, respectively. The former two extracts, flower extracts of Anthemis scariosa, Echinops gaillardoti, Nepeta curviflora, and Ranunculus cuneatus, leaves and stems extract of An. scariosa and WPEs of Melissa inodora, Ranunuculus myosuroides, Origanum libanoticum and Ac. damascena were found to be comparable in their acaricidal activity to that of the whole plant extract of L. carmeli. Thus, these bioactive extracts of some local plant species can cause toxicity to adult T. urticae mites and consequently could be an alternative control for mite pests.

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Biological activity of two neem seed kernel extracts against the two‐spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch

Cited by 52 publications

References 9 publications

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Alternative control of Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard (Acari: Tetranychidae) on tomato plants grown in greenhouses

Investigations on the Effects of Five Different Plant Extracts on the Two-Spotted MiteTetranychus urticaeKoch (Arachnida: Tetranychidae)

Bioactivity of Indigenous Medicinal Plants against the Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae

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