“…Habitat fragmentation is considered to be one of the greatest threats to biological diversity (Davies et al, 2000), and due to increasing global habitat destruction, studies of species diversity are of vital importance for understanding biological communities and their conservation (Purvis and Hector, 2000). In studies made in Brazil with solitary bee species that nest in preexisting cavities, the use of trap-nests as a technique for sampling of species has provided important information not only on the occurrence of species in a habitat (Camillo et al, 1995;Garófalo, 2000;Morato and Campos, 2000;Viana et al, 2001;Aguiar and Martins, 2002;Alves-dos-Santos, 2003;Aguiar et al, 2005;Loyola and Matins, 2006;Buschini, 2006) but also on the nesting biology of those species (Garó-falo et al, 1993;Pereira et al, 1999;Morato et al, 1999;Jesus and Garófalo, 2000;Alvesdos-Santos et al, 2002;Gazola and Garófalo, 2003;Aguiar and Garófalo, 2004;Zillikens and Steiner, 2004;Camillo, 2005;Aguiar et al, 2006;Couto and Camillo, 2007).…”