Bioinspired Surfaces with Superwettability: New Insight on Theory, Design, and Applications

Abstract

Figure 6. Typical biological materials with superwettability and corresponding multiscale structures. (a) Lotus leaves demonstrate low adhesive, superhydrophobic, and self-cleaning properties, due to randomly distributed micropapillae covered by branch-like nanostructures. (b) Rice leaf surfaces possess anisotropic superhydrophobicity arising from the arrangement of lotus-like micropapillae in one-dimensional order. (a and b) Reproduced with permission from ref 7. Copyright 2002 Wiley. (c) Butterfly wings exhibit directional adhesion, superhydrophobicity, structural color, self-cleaning, chemical sensing capability, and fluorescence emission functions due to the multiscale structures. Reproduced with permission from ref 45. Copyright 2007 American Chemical Society. (d) Water strider legs have robust and durable superhydrophobicity arising from directional arrangements of needlelike microsetae with helical nanogrooves. Reproduced with permission from ref 46. Copyright 2004 Nature Publishing Group. (e) Mosquito compound eyes demonstrate superhydrophobic, antifogging, and antireflection functions due to HCP microommatidia covered by HNCP nanonipples. Reproduced with permission from ref 47. Copyright 2007 Wiley. (f) Poplar leaves possess superhydrophobic and antireflection properties originating from dense hairs with the hollow fibrous structure. Reproduced with permission from ref 48. Copyright 2011 The Royal Society of Chemistry. (g) Gecko feet present superhydrophobic, reversible adhesive, and self-cleaning functions due to the aligned microsetae splitting into hundreds of nanospatulae. Reproduced with permission from ref 49. Copyright 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry. (h) Red rose petals exhibit superhydrophobicity with high adhesion and structural color arising from periodic arrays of micropapillae covered by nanofolds. Reproduced with permission from ref 31. Copyright 2008 American Chemical Society. (i) Salvinia leaves demonstrate the superhydrophobic and air-retention properties due to the Salvinia Effect. Reproduced with permission from ref 50. Copyright 2010 Wiley. (j) Fish scales present drag reduction, superoleophilicity in air, and superoleophobicity in water due to oriented micropapillae covered by nanostructures. Reproduced with permission from ref 33. Copyright 2009 Wiley. (k) Clam shell shows low adhesive superoleophobicity underwater arising from the surface multiscale structures and special chemical composition. Reproduced with permission from ref 51. Copyright 2012 Wiley. (l) Peanut leaves exhibit high adhesive superhydrophobicity and fog capture properties originating from the special surface multiscale structures and chemical composition. Reproduced with permission from ref 52.

Recent Progress in Bionic Condensate Microdrop Self‐Propelling Surfaces

“…[46] In the past two decades, there have been great breakthroughs in research into bionic superwettable surfaces, leading to promising solutions to issues arising in daily life and industry. [15][16][17][18][19][47][48][49] Herein, we show biological inspirations that guide the design and creation of CMDSP surfaces that own the remarkable self-removal ability of small-scale condensate microdrops. Gao et al [5] first reported that closely packed nanocones on the surface of mosquito eyes are fully nonsticky to condensed microdrops (Figure 1c-e), showing a dry-style antifogging function.…”

“…Efforts in the past decades have explored controllable fabrication, functionality, and performance optimization of bionic superhydrophobic surfaces with a contact angle above 150°, and they have resulted in technological innovations such as self-cleaning, drag-reduction, anticorrosion, antifogging, antifreezing and oil-water separation. [15][16][17][18][19] Recently, intensive www.advmat.de www.advancedsciencenews.com demonstration of their technological potential for enhancement of heat transfer, [20][21][22][23][24][25] energy saving, [26][27][28] and electrostatic energy harvesting. [29] Currently, this multidisciplinary research direction, which includes biology, chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering, is still in its infancy, but it has exhibited significance and vigor in both fundamental and technological aspects.…”

3D Printing of Lotus Root‐Like Biomimetic Materials for Cell Delivery and Tissue Regeneration

“…By imitating the specific hierarchical structures and synthetic process of the corresponding organisms from nanoscale to microscale, scientists have synthesized various materials with special structures and novel properties,1, 2, 3, 4, 5 such as ultrastrong and stiff layered composites inspired by nacre,6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 high adhesion materials,13, 14 and other special biomimetic materials 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21. Taking advantage of the wisdom of natural organisms, smart materials with improved properties have been prepared and used in many fields.…”

External‐Field‐Induced Gradient Wetting for Controllable Liquid Transport: From Movement on the Surface to Penetration into the Surface

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The liquid-wetting behavior on a solid or liquid surface is mainly dependent on the chemical composition and surface roughness, which play important roles in liquid transport. [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The wettability gradient of a surface for a liquid droplet with an asymmetrical contact angle (CA) can produce a driving force for liquid motion, which is generally generated by introducing a chemical or structure gradient.…”