Bioinspired scaffolds that sequester lead ions in physically damaged high efficiency perovskite solar cells

Mokhtar, Muhamad Z.; He, Jiangyu; Li, Menghan; Chen, Qian; Ke, Jack Chun-Ren; Lewis, David J.; Thomas, Andrew G.; Spencer, Ben F.; Haque, Saif A.; Saunders, Brian R.

doi:10.1039/d0cc02957b

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[ 294–297 ] For instance, solutions that incorporate Pb‐trapping materials into the encapsulation layers or even integrate them into PPV such as on top of carbon electrode are solutions that have been recently reviewed. [ 292 ] These include depositing Pb‐adsorbers on top of carbon electrodes, [ 298 ] into the active layer as scaffolds, [ 299 ] into HTLs, [ 300 ] into mpTiO 2 , [ 301 ] etc.…”

Section: Toward Market Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Polyzoidis

Rogdakis

Kymakis

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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The high‐power conversion efficiency of flexible perovskite photovoltaics (PPV) at low light environment and their low‐cost manufacturing processes, render PPV superior to conventional rigid photovoltaics targeting indoor applications. However, various parameters related to materials, architecture, processing, and indoor characterization need to be optimized further toward improving indoor PPV (iPPV) efficiency, stability, and ecotoxicity. This work provides an overview of the recent progress, trends, and challenges in the field and suggests a holistic approach toward a viable design and integration of iPPVs into Internet of Things (IoT) platforms without any compromise on safety and cost effectiveness. The key impact of selecting proper materials and fabrication techniques, as well as optimizing the active area and architecture is described. Certain peculiarities of the indoor lighting conditions are discussed that can be addressed by proper simulation tools, including the understanding of the charge‐transfer mechanism, the diversification of the lamp types, as well as identifying the requirements for the production, standardization, and installation of iPPVs associated with IoT devices. A multidimensional engineering approach that considers aspects of architecture, light technology, load specifications, materials, processing, safety and cost, is proposed as a path toward accelerating iPPV market uptake for households, businesses, wearables and Industry 4.0 applications.

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Section: Toward Market Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Polyzoidis

Rogdakis

Kymakis

2021

Advanced Energy Materials

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“…offered a promising in‐device fail‐safe system that could limit the Pb release from broken PSCs. [ 104 ] The hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HAP NPs) blended with TiO 2 NPs were designed as mesoporous scaffolds enabling capture of Pb ion. A strong bonding could be formed between the Pb ion and phosphate (PO 4 3– ) in Pb hydroxyapatite, immobilizing the released Pb ion from the degraded device.…”

Section: Strategies For Minimizing Pb Leakagementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Strategies For Minimizing Pb Leakagementioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable Pb Management in Perovskite Solar Cells toward Eco‐Friendly Development

Luo

et al. 2022

Advanced Energy Materials

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of human society. Clean and green solar energy could be converted into electric energy through photovoltaic technologies. This can provide a green and sustainable way for energy utilization. [1][2][3] Inorganicorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are considered to be one of the most promising photovoltaic applications, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] owing to the favorable properties of perovskite materials, such as tunable bandgap, high absorption coefficient, large bipolar mobility, long carrier diffusion length, small exciton binding energy and high defect tolerance. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs has reached 25.7% based on Pb-based perovskites, which has exceeded that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells and exhibited huge a market prospect. [19] However, these perovskite films are prone to be decomposed into the toxic heavy-metal compounds of PbI 2 , Pb, or PbO, etc. because of the uncontrollable environmental condition, including high temperature, high humidity, and strong sunlight. [20,21] The toxicity of Pb leaking from perovskite film has become one of the main obstacles toward commercialization. [22] There have been extensive endeavors to replace Pb with Sn to make the perovskite active layer less toxic, however, Sn-based PSCs demonstrate inferior efficiency and stability compared with their Pb-based counterparts. Thus, the Pb-based perovskites are still indispensable for guaranteeing excellent photoelectric properties and would be the main force of future large-scale applications.The photovoltaic market has been growing rapidly for alleviating energy scarcity and mitigating climate change. The cumulative solar capacity in 2020 reaches ≈773.2 GW around the world. [23] If 20% of this solar capacity is occupied by perovskite solar panels with 500 nm Pb-based perovskite film and ≈20% PCE, 541.24 tons of Pb would be consumed considering ≈0.70 g m −2 of Pb content. [24,25] The widespread deployment of PSCs would provoke a terrible environmental pollution without proper Pb management. World Health Organization (WHO) and many countries have reached a broad consensus on the restriction of the Pb pollution and established strict environmental standards on the Pb usage. Besides, international organizations such as the European Union have also formulated relevant regulations for the management and regulation of waste electrical and electronic equipment, requiring producers to take responsibility for collecting and recycling apparatus waste. [26] Therefore, sustainable Pb management is an essential prerequisite for the commercialization of PSCs. Pb-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as one of the most promising photovoltaic technologies for commercialization have attracted tremendous attention in recent years. However, the toxicity and leakage of heavy metal Pb from perovskite film have become critical obstacles for eco-friendly development. Extreme weather conditions such as heavy rain, high temperature, or strong sunlight may accelerate the undesired decomp...

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“…From the last decade, organic–inorganic halide perovskites (MAPbX 3 , MA = CH 3 NH 3 + ; X = Cl – , Br – or I – ) have attracted great attention due to their high diffusion length, long carrier lifetime, high absorption coefficient, and desirable optical band gap for photovoltaic and optoelectronic applications. − Halide perovskites can deliver high photovoltaic performance. Due to the rapid development of material quality and device interface engineering, perovskite solar cells show a high power conversion efficiency of 25.6%, and has been the fastest-advancing photovoltaic technology to date. − Halide perovskites are also applicable in flat-panel displays, light-emitting devices (LEDs), X-ray/photodetectors, and other semiconductor devices due to their superior optoelectronic properties. ,, Nevertheless, there is a need to understand the basic physical properties of perovskites, such as doping, substitution, and carrier-related transport behavior for several applications. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic Properties in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Perovskite Thin Films by Mn Doping

2021

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In recent years, perovskite halide compounds have attracted attention for the fabrication of highly efficient solar cells, light-emitting diodes, and X-ray detection. However, a comprehensive understanding of their microscopic origins has not been fully explored. In this work, the effect of Mn doping in organic–inorganic perovskite semiconductor methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PbI3) has been studied. The existence of magnetism in CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) has been confirmed by magnetization measurements at room temperature. A drastic enhancement in magnetic moment is obtained in Mn (15%)-doped MAPbI3. The influence of Mn doping in MAPbI3 films has been analyzed for structural and morphological changes. Room-temperature ferromagnetism is achieved by the incorporation of Mn2+/Mn3+ ions into Mn (3–20%)-doped MAPbI3 films by the effect of eminent double-exchange and superexchange interactions in between the Mn2+–I – –Mn3+ ions compared with other doping content. Our finding offers an alternative pathway for spintronic, light-controlled magnetic and photovoltaic devices.

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Bioinspired scaffolds that sequester lead ions in physically damaged high efficiency perovskite solar cells

Abstract: When hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are included in the mesoporous scaffold for perovskite solar cells they not only improve the power conversion efficiency but sequester released Pb if broken cells are immersed in water.

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Sustainable Pb Management in Perovskite Solar Cells toward Eco‐Friendly Development

Magnetic Properties in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Perovskite Thin Films by Mn Doping

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Bioinspired scaffolds that sequester lead ions in physically damaged high efficiency perovskite solar cells

Abstract: When hydroxyapatite nanoparticles are included in the mesoporous scaffold for perovskite solar cells they not only improve the power conversion efficiency but sequester released Pb if broken cells are immersed in water.

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Indoor Perovskite Photovoltaics for the Internet of Things—Challenges and Opportunities toward Market Uptake

Sustainable Pb Management in Perovskite Solar Cells toward Eco‐Friendly Development

Magnetic Properties in CH3NH3PbI3 Perovskite Thin Films by Mn Doping

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Magnetic Properties in CH₃NH₃PbI₃ Perovskite Thin Films by Mn Doping