Bioinspired porous dental implants using the concept of 3D printing to investigate the effect of implant type and porosity on patient's bone condition

Mehboob, Hassan; Mehboob, Ali; Abbassi, Fethi; Ahmad, Furqan; Khan, Abdul Samad; Miran, Sajjad

doi:10.1080/15376494.2021.1971347

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Additionally, the low-density model showed higher maximum and minimum principal strains on cortical and cancellous bones than that of the normal-density model. This was consistent with Mehhoob et al [55] and Ouldyerou et al [49] studies, which demonstrated that strains in the osteoporotic bone were higher than in the healthy bone.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Finite-Element Analysis of the Effect of Utilizing Various Material Assemblies in “All on Four” on the Stresses on Mandible Bone and Prosthetic Parts

Shash

El-Wakad

Eldosoky

et al. 2022

International Journal of Polymer Science

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Background. Fixed prostheses often utilize the “All-on-four” technique, in which four implants are inserted into the jaw bone, and a framework supports them. Titanium is usually used in the fabrication of “All-on-four” parts, due to its superior mechanical properties; however, it has drawbacks such as aesthetic impairment, casting issues, stress shielding, and incompatibility with imaging techniques. These drawbacks have motivated researchers to find alternative materials such as polymers. Recently, the new polymeric material PEEK has a major role in most areas of dentistry, and therefore, it can represent an alternative biomaterial to overcome the drawbacks of titanium. The density of bone is expected to influence the choice of “All-on-four” materials. Purpose. This research applied finite-element investigations to evaluate the stresses on bone tissues and prosthetic parts in “All on four,” utilizing three assemblies of materials, in normal and low bone densities. These assemblies were titanium (Type 1), titanium/PEEK (Type 2), and PEEK (Type 3). Materials and Methods. A 3D Mandibular model was constructed with a fixed prosthesis, and three assemblies of materials were stimulated, under 300 N unilateral force. The von Mises stresses were computed for the prosthetic parts and mucosa, while the maximum and minimum principal stresses/strains were computed for bone tissues due to their brittle and ductile properties. Moreover, the displacements of implants were extracted to check the prosthesis stability. Results. Type 2 and Type 3 minimized the stresses on frameworks, implants, abutments, and bone tissues, however, increased the mucosal stress, in comparison to Type 1. In the low-density model, Type 3 was recommended to reduce the stresses/strains on bone tissues and decrease the implant displacement, avoiding bone failure and increasing prosthesis stability. Conclusions. The bone density influenced the choice of “All-on-four” assembly. Moreover, further research on PEEK implants and abutments is required in the future.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Finite-Element Analysis of the Effect of Utilizing Various Material Assemblies in “All on Four” on the Stresses on Mandible Bone and Prosthetic Parts

Shash

El-Wakad

Eldosoky

et al. 2022

International Journal of Polymer Science

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“…Additionally, the reduction of stiffness in dental implant produced varying biomechanical responses at the peri-implant bone, which could be useful for designing customized implant according to the patient's bone quality. 21,24 It was also observed that higher peri-implant bone microstrain was generated in the cervical cancellous bone around the first thread (Figure 7). This observation is particularly intriguing as prior studies have stated that higher strain is generated in the cervical cortical bone.…”

Section: Compression Testing and Computationalmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…While this cannot be directly concluded from the available data in this study, however, it was observed that the printing accuracy of larger pore sizes was better and thus, comparatively, a better stiffness reduction was observed in the fabricated implants with larger pore size. Additionally, the reduction of stiffness in dental implant produced varying biomechanical responses at the peri-implant bone, which could be useful for designing customized implant according to the patient’s bone quality. , …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mandibles were assumed as isotropic, linearly elastic, and inhomogeneous in this work, 21,34 in contrast to most other investigations that assumed cortical and cancellous bones as isotropic, linearly elastic, and homogeneous. 24 By calculation of the X-ray attenuation data for every voxel (measured in Hounsfield unit, HU) from the CT scans, each of the finite elements of the bone was assigned a distinct material property (density (ρ) and Young's modulus (E) for both cortical and cancellous bones). The discretized virtually implanted mandible was taken as input into MIMICS where each element was assigned a distinctive material property (ρ and E), corresponding to the mean of HU of all of the pixels contained inside that element and determined using the following empirical relations (Figure 1e) (1) As this material assignment protocol generated a distinct ρ and E for each finite element, the considered mandible segment had an inhomogeneous distribution of material, which was advantageous for better simulating the inherent patient-specific material distribution of bone (ν = 0.30).…”

Section: Cell Viability Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

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3D Printing of Ti-6Al-4V-Based Porous-Channel Dental Implants: Computational, Biomechanical, and Cytocompatibility Analyses

Chakraborty,

Das,

Datta

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Bio Mater.

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Loosening of dental implants due to resorption of the surrounding bone is one of the challenging clinical complications in prosthetic dentistry. Generally, stiffness mismatch between an implant and its surrounding bone is one of the major factors. In order to prevent such clinical consequences, it is essential to develop implants with customized stiffness. The present study investigates the computational and experimental biomechanical responses together with cytocompatibility studies of threedimensional (3D)-printed Ti-6Al-4V-based porous dental implants with varied stiffness properties. Methods: Additive manufacturing (direct metal laser sintering, DMLS) was utilized to create Ti-6Al-4V implants having distinct porosities and pore sizes (650 and 1000 μm), along with a nonporous (solid) implant. To validate the compression testing of the constructed implants and to probe their biomechanical response, finite element models were employed. The cytocompatibility of the implants was assessed using MG-63 cells, in vitro. Results: Both X-ray microcomputed tomography (μ-CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies illustrated the ability of DMLS to produce implants with the designed porosities. Biomechanical analysis results revealed that the porous implants had less stiffness and were suitable for providing the appropriate peri-implant bone strain. Although all of the manufactured implants demonstrated cell adhesion and proliferation, the porous implants in particular supported better bone cell growth and extracellular matrix deposition. Conclusions: 3D-printed porous implants showed tunable stiffness properties with clinical translational potential.

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“…Compared to the natural bone, a solid titanium implant shows a stronger stiffness and elastic modulus, which induces a stress shielding effect on its surrounding bone that leads to an implant failure [12]. Implant porosity affects the displacement, stresses, and strain intensity of surrounding bone, and the selection of an appropriate implant according to the type of bone is conducive to improving safety [13]. Ideally, implants must be highly porous to decrease the stress shielding and allow the ingrowth of the new bone.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Design and Optimization of Porous Titanium Structure for Mandibular Reconstruction

Liu

Yang

et al. 2022

Applied Bionics and Biomechanics

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A porous material is considered to be a potential material that can be used to repair bone defects. However, the methods of designing of a highly porous structure within the allowable stress range remain to be researched. Therefore, this study was aimed at presenting a method for generating a three-dimensional tetrahedral porous structure characterized by low peak stress and high porosity for the reconstruction of mandibular defects. Firstly, the initial tetrahedral porous structure was fabricated with the strut diameters set to 0.4 mm and a mean cell size of 2.4 mm in the design model space. Following this, the simulation analysis was carried out. Further, a homogenization algorithm was used for homogenizing the stress distribution, increasing porosity, and controlling peak stress of the porous structure by adjusting the strut diameters. The results showed that compared with the initial porous structure, the position of the large stress regions remained unchanged, and the peak stress fluctuated slightly in the mandible and fixation system with the optimized porous structure under two occlusions. The optimized porous structure had a higher porosity and more uniform stress distribution, and the maximum stress was lower than the target stress value. The design and optimization technique of the porous structure presented in this paper can be used to control peak stress, improve porosity, and fabricate a lightweight scaffold, which provides a potential solution for mandibular reconstruction.

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Bioinspired porous dental implants using the concept of 3D printing to investigate the effect of implant type and porosity on patient's bone condition

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

Finite-Element Analysis of the Effect of Utilizing Various Material Assemblies in “All on Four” on the Stresses on Mandible Bone and Prosthetic Parts

Finite-Element Analysis of the Effect of Utilizing Various Material Assemblies in “All on Four” on the Stresses on Mandible Bone and Prosthetic Parts

3D Printing of Ti-6Al-4V-Based Porous-Channel Dental Implants: Computational, Biomechanical, and Cytocompatibility Analyses

Novel Design and Optimization of Porous Titanium Structure for Mandibular Reconstruction

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