Biogeography and relationships of the Abies taxa from the mediterranean and central Europe regions as revealed by nuclear DNA markers and needle structural characters

Litkowiec, Monika; Sękiewicz, Katarzyna; Romo, Àngel; Ok, Tolga; Dagher-Kharrat, Magda Bou; Jasiñska, Anna K.; Sobierajska, Karolina; Boratyńska, Krystyna; Boratyński, Adam

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118606

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…2017). A summary work based on a large amount of material from 38 fir populations of species from Europe and West Asia confirmed the correctness of the previous findings (Litkowiec et al 2021). The genetic and morphological results were consistent, which allows for the morphological identification of fir species in the future, as well as the examination of fossils.…”

Section: Systematic Structure Of Closely Related Taxasupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Determining the taxonomic level of differentiation (interspecies or intraspecific) is difficult and requires a lot of research into multiple traits. The genus Abies (firs) in the Central European and Mediterranean part of the range consists of 11 taxa (EUFORGEN 2021), and systematic position of some of them is constantly discussed (Linares 2011;Litkowiec et al 2021). Several Mediterranean fir species have distributions confined to very limited areas, and Abies alba is the only species with a widespread European range (Dering et al 2014).…”

Section: Systematic Structure Of Closely Related Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biometry in plant systematic of European and Mediterranean Gymnosperms, a review

Marcysiak¹

2021

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The morphological features of plants, which were the basis of taxonomic solutions in the past, are now sometimes less appreciated due to the intensive development of genetic methods. The present review looks at the results of the research on the taxonomy of plants carried out by the team led by A. Boratyński. The team characterized the taxonomic and geographical differentiation of some species of the genera Abies, Juniperus, Pinus, Cupressus, Cedrus, as well as several others. Many of these studies were carried out in the Mediterranean area due to its importance for biodiversity. The results allowed unravelling taxonomic ambiguities, emphasizing the importance of geographic barriers in shaping variability, e.g., the Strait of Gibraltar or the Aegean Sea, and highlighting the role of mountain ranges as refuges, e.g., the Taurus and Anti-Taurus Mountains. All of the results obtained with biometrics were confirmed by genetic methods by different authors. Detailed research allowed the publication of a new name, Juniperus thurifera subsp. africana (Maire) Romo & Boratyński, stat. nov., and restoration of species status for the dubious taxon Juniperus canariensis. The review shows that relying on the research of a large number of correctly sampled populations and correctly selected differentiated characteristics of plants allows the generation of reliable results.

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Section: Systematic Structure Of Closely Related Taxasupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Systematic Structure Of Closely Related Taxamentioning

confidence: 99%

Biometry in plant systematic of European and Mediterranean Gymnosperms, a review

Marcysiak¹

2021

pfs

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“…This ancient separation also finds strong support in genetic differentiation. The admixture between populations from the East Taurus and Mount Lebanon was found to be very limited and the pairwise differentiations between populations were quite high, reaching even a value of Fst = 0.25 (Sękiewicz et al 2016;Litkowiec et al 2021). However, the long-term genetic isolation between populations of A. cilicica from both range domains is less evident at the morphological level and may be referred to as having adapted to shared environmental conditions (Boratyńska et al 2015).…”

Section: Genetic Divergencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most striking result of the past range projection denotes a southward shift of the current East Taurus range to the areas currently referred to as Syria. If such a LGM range shift occurred, we would expect the gene flow to have taken place, while genetic studies instead contradict such a possibility (Sękiewicz et al 2016;Litkowiec et al 2021). The possible solution of this perplexing inconsistency between genetic and ecological data may lie in the methodological limitations of niche modelling procedures that may lead to an overestimation of past ranges.…”

Section: Range Formation In the Past And Predictions Of Future Distributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Demographic history and range modelling of the East Mediterranean Abies cilicica

Beridze¹,

Walas²,

Iszkuło³

et al. 2021

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The Mediterranean Basin is one of the 36 global hotspots of biodiversity and it is rich in endemic tree species. The complex geological history of the region throughout the Neogene and Quaternary periods that were marked with several palaeoclimatic transformations was a major factor triggering the genetic divergence of lineages in tree species in the region. The ongoing global climate change is the main factor threatening Mediterranean biodiversity. The risk of population decline related to aridization is the highest in the case of endemics, especially for cold-adapted conifers, such as Abies cilicica. The Cilician fir grows in the East Mediterranean mountains that constitute a local centre of endemism within the region. The species range is fragmented and small-size populations prevail. Previous studies have suggested that the last glacial cycle led to a significant reduction in the species range and might have initiated genetic divergence. As a result, two lineages are currently recognized at the subspecies level, A. cilicica subsp. isaurica (Turkey) and A. cilicica subsp. cilicica (Turkey, Syria, and Lebanon). The predictions about the impact of future climate changes in the East Mediterranean suggest a profound reduction of precipitation and overall warming that may put the remnant populations of A. cilicica at a risk of decline. Here, we used the Bayesian approach to investigate the demographic history of endemic A. cilicica. Specifically, we estimated the probable time of the intraspecies divergence to verify previous assumptions about the species’ evolutionary history. Additionally, niche modelling was used to outline the potential range of changes in the past and to indicate glacial refugia in where the species persisted climate crisis. This approach was also used to explore the possible influence of the future climate changes on the distribution of A. cilicica in the region. Our results demonstrate that the divergence between the Lebanese and the Turkish populations that occurred ~220 ka years BP coincided with the Riss glaciation. According to palaeoecological data, in the East Mediterranean, that glacial period caused a severe reduction in the populations of woody species due to the aridity of the climate. At that time, the Lebanese-Syrian part of the range was likely disconnected from the main range. The second split was induced by the last glacial cycle ~60 ka years BP and led to the separation of the Central Taurus and East Taurus population and, consequently, to the formation of the two subspecies. Niche modelling for the last glacial maximum has allowed us to locate the probable refugia for A. cilicica in the western Anatolia and Syria-Lebanon area. A projection of the future possible distribution of the species indicates a serious reduction of the range during this century.

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Cuticular Wax Variability of Abies alba, A.×borisii‐regis and A. cephalonica from the Balkans: Chemophenetic and Ecological Aspects

Mitić

Nikolić

Dimitrijevic

et al. 2023

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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This is the first study on cuticular wax variability of Abies alba, A. × borisii-regis and A. cephalonica, using 18 native populations from the assumed hybrid zone in the Balkan Peninsula. Presence of 13 n-alkanes with chain-lengths ranging from C 21 to C 33 , one primary alcohol, two diterpenes, one triterpene and one sterol was determined in hexane extracts of 269 needle samples. The multivariate statistical analyses at the population level entirely failed in supporting circumscription of Balkan Abies taxa and therefore, in identifying hybrid populations.However, performed at the species level, these analyses revealed a certain tendency of differentiation between A. alba and A. cephalonica, while individuals of A. × borisii-regis were largely overlapped by the clouds of both parent species. Finally, the correlation analysis suggested that the observed variation of wax compounds was probably genetically conditioned and that it does not represent an adaptive response to various environmental factors.

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Biogeography and relationships of the Abies taxa from the mediterranean and central Europe regions as revealed by nuclear DNA markers and needle structural characters

Cited by 14 publications

References 80 publications

Biometry in plant systematic of European and Mediterranean Gymnosperms, a review

Biometry in plant systematic of European and Mediterranean Gymnosperms, a review

Demographic history and range modelling of the East Mediterranean Abies cilicica

Cuticular Wax Variability of Abies alba, A.×borisii‐regis and A. cephalonica from the Balkans: Chemophenetic and Ecological Aspects

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