Biogeographical Relationships of North American Tertiary Floras

Manchester, Steven R.

doi:10.2307/2666183

Cited by 457 publications

(378 citation statements)

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“…Modern-day centers of diversity provide weak evidence for ancestral distributions (Croizat et al 1974;Manchester 1999). The type of results presented here, however, indicate that the diversity of the family Fabaceae in the Caribbean basin results in part from a long residence in the region.…”

Section: Tropical Continental Islands As Tertiary Refugia For the Fabcontrasting

confidence: 50%

Identifying Tertiary Radiations of Fabaceae in the Greater Antilles: Alternatives to Cladistic Vicariance Analysis

Lavin¹,

Wojciechowski

Richman

et al. 2001

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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The fossil record shows that the legume family was abundant and taxonomically diverse in Early Tertiary tropical deciduous forests of North America. Today, woody members of this family are almost nonexistent in temperate deciduous forests. This former North American legume diversity now lies in the Tropics, including the Greater Antilles. To show the Antillean refugia, we detail a phylogenetic and biogeographic analysis of two legume groups, the Ormocarpum and Robinia clades, which have either a Tertiary fossil record in North America or a sister clade with such a fossil record. A combined analysis of molecular and nonmolecular data is used for the cladistic vicariance approaches, while an exhaustively sampled data set of nrDNA ITS/5.8S sequences is used for the molecular biogeographic analysis. Results from component, three-area-statements, and Brooks parsimony analysis are equivocal in suggesting an influence of Tertiary history on the distribution of the woody genera Pictetia (Ormocarpum clade) and Poitea (Robinia clade), two of the most speciose endemic legume radiations in the Greater Antilles. Alternatively, nucleotide diversity, evolutionary rates, and coalescent analyses of molecular phylogenies all suggest a Tertiary diversification of Pictetia and Poitea. The results are corroborated by a regression analysis that implicates both age of island biota and island area in accurately predicting numbers of endemic legume taxa. These findings, combined with the legume fossil record, suggest that both Pictetia and Poitea stem from Tertiary North American boreotropical groups. J. A. Wolfe's hypothesis that the Greater Antilles harbor boreotropical relicts is supported.

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Section: Tropical Continental Islands As Tertiary Refugia For the Fabcontrasting

confidence: 50%

Identifying Tertiary Radiations of Fabaceae in the Greater Antilles: Alternatives to Cladistic Vicariance Analysis

Lavin¹,

Wojciechowski

Richman

et al. 2001

International Journal of Plant Sciences

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“…Indeed, the Eocene-Oligocene divergence is consistent with the expansion (50-33 Ma) and then reduction (33-26 Ma) of boreotropical forest belt (Morley, 2003;Tiffney, 1985aTiffney, , 1985bWolfe, 1975). Ancestors of Phanerophlebia, Clade B and Clade C from the Old World, may have used different land bridges available in late Eocene-early Oligocene to colonize the New World (i.e., BLB and/or NALB; Manchester, 1999;Tiffney, 1985a;Tiffney and Manchester, 2001) (Table 4). This hypothesis is also congruent with the biogeographical history of Central American and Andean Polystichum proposed by Driscoll and Barrington (2007) as well as McHenry and Barrington (2014), who suggested that the Neotropical clade has a northern origin, and that the Andean Polystichum lineage originated from a boreotropical Mexican ancestor.…”

Section: Early Diverging Clades In Polystichoid Ferns: Evidence For Bmentioning

confidence: 72%

A well-sampled phylogenetic analysis of the polystichoid ferns (Dryopteridaceae) suggests a complex biogeographical history involving both boreotropical migrations and recent transoceanic dispersals

Péchon

Zhang

et al. 2016

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

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“…2) broadly coincide with Eocene͞Oligocene thermal maxima and the dominance of a ''boreotropical flora'' across the North Atlantic (29). Significant cooling during the Oligocene (30) resulted in southward retreats and the extirpation of some lineages comprising this flora (31)(32)(33). Warming during the Miocene resulted in the return of several thermophilic lineages to North America and Europe (28), probably including lineages of Malpighiaceae labeled 4, 5, and 6 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laurasian migration explains Gondwanan disjunctions: Evidence from Malpighiaceae

Davis

Bell

Mathews

et al. 2002

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

309

291

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Explanations for biogeographic disjunctions involving SouthAmerica and Africa typically invoke vicariance of western Gondwanan biotas or long distance dispersal. These hypotheses are problematical because many groups originated and diversified well after the last known connection between Africa and South America (Ϸ105 million years ago), and it is unlikely that ''sweepstakes'' dispersal accounts for many of these disjunctions. Fig. 1). Approximately 85% of the species occur in the New World where they are pollinated by specialized oil-collecting bees that are absent from the Old World. This distribution has invited the development of alternative theories for the origin and diversification of Malpighiaceae. Vogel (2) proposed the ''Gondwanian aborigine'' hypothesis, in which the current distribution resulted from the break-up of western Gondwana (the supercontinent comprising Africa and South America). This hypothesis implies that the Malpighiaceae originated before western Gondwana divided [i.e., Ϸ105 mya (3)], as did several included lineages with disjunct distributions between the New and Old Worlds. In contrast, Anderson (1) and others (4) have favored an ''American colonist'' hypothesis, according to which Malpighiaceae originated in northern South America, in isolation from Africa, and dispersed eastward across the Atlantic at least twice. This hypothesis predicts that the ages of Malpighiaceae and of divergences between New World and Old World lineages are younger than the last known land connection between South America and Africa.To elucidate the biogeographic history of Malpighiaceae, we used maximum likelihood to estimate the phylogeny for the group by using DNA nucleotide data from chloroplast ndhF and nuclear phytochrome C (PHYC) sequences (see Materials and Methods). This data set included sequences from one outgroup and 70 species of Malpighiaceae. To test these biogeographic hypotheses, it is necessary to attach a temporal dimension to the phylogeny to infer the timing (i) of the origin of Malpighiaceae and (ii) of the disjunctions between New and Old World lineages. Although molecular divergence estimates must be viewed with caution, these approaches may identify a window of time for branching events that will help select among competing hypotheses. Materials and MethodsOur data set included 71 ndhF sequences and 71 PHYC sequences, which were readily aligned by eye. This data set included sequences from one outgroup and 70 species of Malpighiaceae representing the majority of genera, including multiple accessions from morphologically diverse or putatively non-monophyletic genera. Most ndhF sequences were previously obtained by using the methodology published in Davis, Anderson, and Donoghue (5) and in Davis (6). Two additional ndhF sequences were also generated for this study (GenBank accession nos. AF500495 and AF500496). The PHYC sequences are newly generated (GenBank accession nos. AF500522-AF500582), except for AF436794 -AF436804 from Davis (6), and were obtained by using previously detaile...

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Biogeographical Relationships of North American Tertiary Floras

Cited by 457 publications

References 1 publication

Identifying Tertiary Radiations of Fabaceae in the Greater Antilles: Alternatives to Cladistic Vicariance Analysis

Identifying Tertiary Radiations of Fabaceae in the Greater Antilles: Alternatives to Cladistic Vicariance Analysis

A well-sampled phylogenetic analysis of the polystichoid ferns (Dryopteridaceae) suggests a complex biogeographical history involving both boreotropical migrations and recent transoceanic dispersals

Laurasian migration explains Gondwanan disjunctions: Evidence from Malpighiaceae

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