Bioengineering Bone Tissue with 3D Printed Scaffolds in the Presence of Oligostilbenes

Abstract

Diseases determining bone tissue loss have a high impact on people of any age. Bone healing can be improved using a therapeutic approach based on tissue engineering. Scientific research is demonstrating that among bone regeneration techniques, interesting results, in filling of bone lesions and dehiscence have been obtained using adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) integrated with biocompatible scaffolds. The geometry of the scaffold has critical effects on cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Many cytokines and compounds have been demonstrated to be effective in promoting MSCs osteogenic differentiation. Oligostilbenes, such as Resveratrol (Res) and Polydatin (Pol), can increase MSCs osteoblastic features. 3D printing is an excellent technique to create scaffolds customized for the lesion and thus optimized for the patient. In this work we analyze osteoblastic features of adult MSCs integrated with 3D-printed polycarbonate scaffolds differentiated in the presence of oligostilbenes.

The Myokine Irisin Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Dental Bud-Derived MSCs

“…The osteogenic features of dental bud stem cells (DBSCs) can be positively influenced by several molecules, such as vitamins, natural compounds, or drugs [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ].…”

Dental-derived stem cells and biowaste biomaterials: What’s next in bone regenerative medicine applications

“…Currently, still if in the pioneering phase, there is the use of polyphenols in the regeneration of bone tissue. In particular, has been investigated that, the oligostylbenes (natural compounds) deriving from the recovery of waste of agri-food processes (waste compounds), in association with D-dSCs/MSCs, can promote the early consolidation and mineralization of bioengineered tissue with a significant decrease in the healing time (Di Benedetto et al, 2018;Murgia et al, 2019;Posa et al, 2020). Preliminary experiments have shown an increased deposition of mineralized matrix in osteoblastic differentiated MSCs in presence of natural compounds/waste compounds of agrifood origin, as well as potential antioxidant, anti-aging and anti-tumor capacities have been documented (Di Benedetto et al, 2018;Di Domenico et al, 2020).…”

Materials science and design principles of therapeutic materials in orthopedic and bone tissue engineering

“…The motivation for current research, and the focus on translating bone engineering concepts from bench to bed, is rooted in the limitations of solving the growing, and somewhat difficult, orthopedic, den- from the bench to the bedside. [107][108][109][110] Following a large series of in vitro experiments, small animal studies using mice, rats and rabbits Moreover, these experiments are also hampered with many challenging of correlating the various material characteristics, thereby avoiding individual modification in these materials, this is quite important to determine particular responses for each character. A similar problem arises when satisfaction is required for several competing criteria, often involving novel-substances.…”