Bioenergy II: Suitability of Wood Chips and Various Biomass Types for Use in Plant of BtL Production by Gasification

Dupont, Capucine; Rougé, Sylvie; Berthelot, Alain; Perez, Denilson da Silva; Graffin, Ambroise; Labalette, Françoise; Laboubée, Céline; Mithouard, Jean-Claude; Pitocchi, Sophie

doi:10.2202/1542-6580.1949

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…Typical inorganic concentration of each kind of feedstock has been reviewed from bibliography data [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Main characteristics of various feedstocks (elemental composition) are reported in Table 1.…”

Section: Synthesis Gas Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis Gas Purification

Chiche

Diverchy

Lucquin

et al. 2013

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Re´sume´-Purification des gaz de synthe`se -Les proce´de´s de synthe`se de biocarburants par voie Fischer-Tropsch (FT), voies B-XTL, repre´sentent des alternatives prometteuses pour la production d'e´nergie. Ces proce´de´s permettent la conversion en carburants de synthe`se de biomasse lignocellulosique, e´ventuellement mise en oeuvre en me´lange avec des charges fossiles telles que petcoke, charbons ou re´sidus sous vide. Pour ce faire, une e´tape de gaze´ification convertit la charge carbone´e en un gaz de synthe`se (me´lange de CO et H 2 ), lequel, apre`s ajustement du ratio H 2 /CO et e´limination du CO 2 , subit ensuite la re´action de FischerTropsch. Les gaz de synthe`se contiennent cependant de nombreuses impurete´s qui ne´cessitent d'eˆtre e´limine´es afin d'e´viter l'empoisonnement des catalyseurs Fischer-Tropsch. En raison de la grande varie´te´de charges pouvant eˆtre mises en oeuvre, la composition des gaz de synthe`se est susceptible de subir d'importantes variations, en particulier de part la nature des impurete´s (e´le´ments, spe´ciation) pre´sentes ainsi que leurs teneurs relatives. La composition des gaz de synthe`se est e´galement soumise a`des spe´cifications extreˆmement se´ve`res en terme de purete´lie´es a`l'importante sensibilite´aux poisons des catalyseurs FT. Pour ces raisons, la purification des gaz de synthe`se constitue un de´fi majeur pour le de´veloppement des proce´de´s B-XTL. Dans cet article, nous pre´sentons les principaux enjeux lie´s a`la purification des gaz de synthe`se. Les diffe´rents types d'impurete´s pouvant eˆtre pre´sentes dans les gaz de synthe`se sont pre´sente´es. L'influence de la nature de la charge, des technologies de gaze´ification ainsi que des conditions ope´ratoires associe´es sur la nature des impurete´s et leurs teneurs relatives est discute´e. Une attention particulie`re est porte´e au devenir des compose´s soufre´s, azote´s, des haloge`nes, me´taux lourds et me´taux de transition. Les principales technologies de purification des gaz de synthe`se (adsorption, absorption, re´actions catalytiques, etc.) sont finalement de´crites, ainsi que les de´fis associe´s.Abstract -Synthesis Gas Purification -Fischer-Tropsch (FT) based B-XTL processes are attractive alternatives for future energy production. These processes aim at converting lignocellulosic biomass possibly in co-processing with petcoke, coal, or vacuum residues into synthetic biofuels. A gasification step converts the feed into a synthesis gas (CO and H 2 mixture), which undergoes the Fischer-Tropsch reaction after H 2 /CO ratio adjustment and CO 2 removal. However synthesis gas also contains various impurities that must be removed in order to prevent Fischer-Tropsch catalyst poisoning. Oil & Gas Science and Technology -Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles, Vol. 68 (2013), No. 4, pp. 707-723 Copyright Ó 2013, IFP Energies nouvelles DOI: 10.2516 Due to the large feedstocks variety that can be processed, significant variations of the composition of the synthesis gas are expected. Especially, this affects the ...

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Section: Synthesis Gas Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biomass is characterized by a large variability of the dry ash (woody biomass ash content from 0.3 to 5 mass%, agricultural residue ash content up to 20 mass%) [22,23] …”

Section: Synthesis Gas Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis Gas Purification

Chiche

Diverchy

Lucquin

et al. 2013

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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“…Woody biomasses are calcium rich whereas straw are silica and potassium rich (Dupont et al, 2010) and (Vassilev et al, 2012). The ratio silica/lime and alkali content varies depending on type of biomass: for instance following SiO 2 /CaO ratios are typically encountered: wheat straw (8), miscanthus (5), wood (0.3).…”

Section: The Inorganic Species In Different Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, for a same type of biomass, the mineral part of the biomass presents a large variation in composition depending on the growing conditions (soil, climate variations and harvesting (Dupont et al, 2010)). It is obvious that, when heated at temperatures between 700 (typical for fluidized bed) and 1 400°C (typical for entrained flow reactor), most of these elements will react in different ways, forming a wide variety of species depending on the nature of the reactor atmosphere (oxidizing or reducing conditions), temperature and pressure but also on the existing materials in the near environment (bed, pipes, refractory materials, etc.…”

Section: The Inorganic Species In Different Feedstockmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inorganic Species Behaviour in Thermochemical Processes for Energy Biomass Valorisation

Froment

Seiler

Defoort

et al. 2013

Oil Gas Sci. Technol. – Rev. IFP Energies nouvelles

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Re´sume´-Comportement des espe`ces inorganiques dans les proce´de´s thermochimiques de valorisation e´nerge´tique de la biomasse -Les espe`ces inorganiques de la biomasse (bois, de´chets agricoles, de´chets me´nagers voire boues d'e´puration) pre´sentent un large spectre en compositions et quantite´s, de´pendant de l'origine de la biomasse (nature, lieux et conditions de sa croissance, etc.). Les diffe´rents proce´de´s de conversion (combustion, pyrolyse, gaze´ification, etc.) et les diffe´rentes technologies associe´es (fours a`grille, lits fixes ou fluidise´s, re´acteurs a`flux entraıˆne´s, etc.) utilisant l'e´nergie de la biomasse, fournissent des conditions ope´ratoires tre`s varie´es en atmosphe`re, tempe´rature, pression, etc. Au cours de chacun de ces proce´de´s thermiques de conversion, en fonction de la composition initiale de la biomasse, de l'atmosphe`re et la tempe´rature du proce´de´(la pression est un parame`tre de second ordre par rapport aux pre´ce´dents), certaines espe`ces inorganiques re´agissent pour former des compose´s liquides ou gazeux, seuls ou combine´s a`d'autres espe`ces : celles-ci peuvent eˆtre soit pie´ge´es a`diffe´rents endroits dans le proce´de´, soit relaˆche´es avec le gaz. Les interactions potentielles de ces espe`ces inorganiques avec les parois des re´acteurs, les mate´riaux de lits (en re´acteurs a`lits fluidise´s), les canalisations et l'aval du proce´de´ne sont pas toujours bien connues. Ces sujets concernant le comportement des espe`ces inorganiques et les conse´quences technologiques et e´conomiques vont probablement prendre de l'importance dans un futur proche en raison de : -la tension sur le marche´du bois qui augmente ainsi que les prix : une solution est de remplacer cette ressource « noble et propre » qu'est le bois par une ressource plus riche en cendres, comme la paille, les cultures e´nerge´tiques de´die´es, ou les de´chets agricoles voire me´nagers. La production de biogaz depuis des de´charges de de´chets est une bonne illustration de la valorisation de de´chets. Aller plus loin dans l'utilisation de ces ressources (conversion thermochimique) riches en cendres augmentera leur potentielle re´utilisation mais e´galement les difficulte´s techniques de manie`re importante ! -l'enrichissement des sols pour l'agriculture de´pend aujourd'hui de la possibilite´de re´emploi des cendres de biomasse, auxquelles il faut ajouter des fertilisants artificiels. La question de comment re´utiliser la matie`re inorganique de la biomasse apre`s conversion thermochimique devient un sujet important. L'objectif est de pre´senter une synthe`se des difficulte´s technologiques lie´es a`la pre´sence de ces espe`ces inorganiques (corrosion, bouchages, etc.) : un re´sume´de´taille´du comportement des espe`ces inorganiques de la biomasse dans les proce´de´s thermiques sera donne´, allant des espe`ces relaˆche´es pendant le traitement de la biomasse jusqu'a`la pre´vention et les solutions quand c'est possible. Les sujets suivants seront de´veloppe´s: ?

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“…The thermal processes, i.e., combustion, gasification and pyrolysis, appear as particularly suitable to convert the biomass into an energy source [6]. All these processes are based on pyrolysis, a process during which the biomass is converted under the effect of heat only into gas and a solid carbonaceous residue.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experimental approach to the chemical properties and the ash melting behavior in agricultural biomass

Cioablă

Pop

Calinoiu

et al. 2015

J Therm Anal Calorim

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The present paper presents an experimental approach to the chemical and physical properties of the agricultural biomass from the point of view of the use of the biodegradable materials as fuel in incinerators at small and large scales. The wide variety of biomass sources implies a wide range of biomass fuel properties, both physically and chemically. Waste biomass could provide a significant part of the energy demand if appropriate conversion technologies are used. The types of agricultural biomass considered are corn, corn stalk, cereal mix, wheat, oatmeal, barley, corncob, rye, two-row barley, and corn and corncob mix. The study underlines the physical and chemical properties for analyzed materials. Using a statistical treatment to compare our set of data for different types of materials with the existing data from the literature, it can be noted that the net calorific values presented in this work are not statistically different from the mean value of the existing data in the literature. The net calorific values of the selected biomass ranged from 16,566 to 17,984 kJ kg -1 (dry basis). During the experiment, the flowing temperatures of the selected agricultural biomass were between 880 and 1480°C. The flowing temperature values for the presented data are different than the mean values of data from references. So, the combustion facility allows the use of fuel from many local sources, thus making the control and minimization of the major part of the operational cost possible. The ash melting process is strongly influenced by its chemical composition, and it takes place in a wide temperature range. Therefore, the present work describes the characteristic points of the ash melting behavior. A complete proximate and ultimate laboratory analysis was conducted in order to determine the physical and chemical material characteristics [C, H, N, volatile matter, moisture, ash content, and gross and net calorific values (GCV and NCV, respectively)], the major and minor elements (Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Mn, Fe, Zn, Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu and Pb) and the ash melting points (SST, DT, HT and FT) for the analyzed materials that are further used in the combustion processes.

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Bioenergy II: Suitability of Wood Chips and Various Biomass Types for Use in Plant of BtL Production by Gasification

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Synthesis Gas Purification

Synthesis Gas Purification

Inorganic Species Behaviour in Thermochemical Processes for Energy Biomass Valorisation

An experimental approach to the chemical properties and the ash melting behavior in agricultural biomass

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