Abstract:In bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), living microorganisms are capable of converting the chemical energy of degradable organic matters into bioelectricity. The electrical current outputs are dependent on the microbial cell viability and the biodegradation rates. Therefore, monitoring the current generative through the BES is promising for the microbial activity assessments. As compared to conventional microbiological methods, BESs are considered as non‐invasive techniques that offer rapid and sensitive detect… Show more
“…Microbial electrochemical system (MES) is a promising fast expanding technology that integrates microbial systems, electrochemistry and materials science to develop energy, environment and sensing devices [ 1 ]. MES exploits the biocatalytic activity of living microbes to harvest electrons from the biodegradable organic substances and therefore explore the interaction between living microbial cells (electron donor) and surface of electrodes (electron acceptor) [ 2 ].…”
Microbial electrochemical systems are a fast emerging technology that use microorganisms to harvest the chemical energy from bioorganic materials to produce electrical power. Due to their flexibility and the wide variety of materials that can be used as a source, these devices show promise for applications in many fields including energy, environment and sensing. Microbial electrochemical systems rely on the integration of microbial cells, bioelectrochemistry, material science and electrochemical technologies to achieve effective conversion of the chemical energy stored in organic materials into electrical power. Therefore, the interaction between microorganisms and electrodes and their operation at physiological important potentials are critical for their development. This article provides an overview of the principles and applications of microbial electrochemical systems, their development status and potential for implementation in the biosensing field. It also provides a discussion of the recent developments in the selection of electrode materials to improve electron transfer using nanomaterials along with challenges for achieving practical implementation, and examples of applications in the biosensing field.
“…Microbial electrochemical system (MES) is a promising fast expanding technology that integrates microbial systems, electrochemistry and materials science to develop energy, environment and sensing devices [ 1 ]. MES exploits the biocatalytic activity of living microbes to harvest electrons from the biodegradable organic substances and therefore explore the interaction between living microbial cells (electron donor) and surface of electrodes (electron acceptor) [ 2 ].…”
Microbial electrochemical systems are a fast emerging technology that use microorganisms to harvest the chemical energy from bioorganic materials to produce electrical power. Due to their flexibility and the wide variety of materials that can be used as a source, these devices show promise for applications in many fields including energy, environment and sensing. Microbial electrochemical systems rely on the integration of microbial cells, bioelectrochemistry, material science and electrochemical technologies to achieve effective conversion of the chemical energy stored in organic materials into electrical power. Therefore, the interaction between microorganisms and electrodes and their operation at physiological important potentials are critical for their development. This article provides an overview of the principles and applications of microbial electrochemical systems, their development status and potential for implementation in the biosensing field. It also provides a discussion of the recent developments in the selection of electrode materials to improve electron transfer using nanomaterials along with challenges for achieving practical implementation, and examples of applications in the biosensing field.
“…Interestingly, microbial fuel cell (MFCs) offers the possibility of obtaining electrical current from microalgae in a one step‐process . Basically, MFCs are bioelectrochemical transducers that convert chemical or light energy into electrical energy via utilizing various microorganisms (exoelectrogens) which are able to transfer electrons extracellularly to the electrode surface with no need for artificial mediators . The existence of the exoelectrogens is very common in bacteria but rare in microalgae, and the mechanism of how microalgae produce bioelectricity is unclear as yet.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…3,4 Basically, MFCs are bioelectrochemical transducers that convert chemical or light energy into electrical energy via utilizing various microorganisms (exoelectrogens) which are able to transfer electrons extracellularly to the electrode surface with no need for artificial mediators. 3,[5][6][7][8][9][10] The existence of the exoelectrogens is very common in bacteria but rare in microalgae, and the mechanism of how microalgae produce bioelectricity is unclear as yet. Utilization of microalgae in MFCs has gained interest because phototrophic microalgae act as biocathodes, as the oxygen they produce serves as final electron acceptor, minimizing the energy needed for aeration at the cathode.…”
“…In the microbial electrochemical systems, oxidation–reduction reactions are taking place through two consequent steps. Firstly, microbe-anode interaction is initiated to oxidize the organic substrate (electron donor) into free liberated protons and electrons [13]. Secondly, transfer of the produced electrons from the anode to the cathode via the external electrical circuit, and transferring the free protons into the cathode to form water and bioelectric current through reduction of oxygen (electron acceptor) [14], as shown in Scheme 1.Scheme 1A mediator-less single chambered microbial fuel cell, the cathode is exposed to air on one side and to the anolyte containing the substrate on the other side [3].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The bioelectrochemical characteristics of the activated sludge have been explored in literature, and promising results showed its good performance to be used in the operation and construction of the MFCs [2], [13], [22], [23]. Thus in our study, attempts are developed to enhance the activity of Air-Cathode Single-Chamber Mediator-Less Microbial Fuel Cell (ACSCMMFC) by operating the parameters e.g.…”
Construction of efficient performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs) requires certain practical considerations. In the single chamber microbial fuel cell, there is no border between the anode and the cathode, thus the diffusion of the dissolved oxygen has a contrary effect on the anodic respiration and this leads to the inhibition of the direct electron transfer from the biofilm to the anodic surface. Here, a fed-batch single chambered microbial fuel cells are constructed with different distances 3 and 6 cm (anode- cathode spacing), while keeping the working volume is constant. The performance of each MFC is individually evaluated under the effects of vitamins & minerals with acetate as a fed load. The maximum open circuit potential during testing the 3 and 6 cm microbial fuel cells is about 946 and 791 mV respectively. By decreasing the distance between the anode and the cathode from 6 to 3 cm, the power density is decreased from 108.3 mW m
−2
to 24.5 mW m
−2
. Thus, the short distance in membrane-less MFC weakened the cathode and inhibited the anodic respiration which affects the overall performance of the MFC efficiency. The system is displayed a maximum potential of 564 and 791 mV in absence & presence of vitamins respectively. Eventually, the overall functions of the acetate single chamber microbial fuel cell can be improved by the addition of vitamins & minerals and increasing the distance between the cathode and the anode.
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