Biodiesel Synthesis from Used Cooking Oil Using Red Mud as Heterogeneous Catalyst

Abstract

The problem associated with biodiesel production is economic feasibility. The biodiesel cost will reduce when the low cost feedstock was used as feedstock. Used Cooking Oil (UCO) is a promising candidate as raw material for biodiesel synthesis. In this study, the investigation of biodiesel synthesis from UCO was studied using red mud as heterogeneous catalysts. The catalyst was prepared by impregnating Potassium metals on red mud. The catalyst physico-characteristics were determined using Nitrogen gas adsorption, FT-IR, XRD, and XRF. The catalyst was tested to synthesize biodiesel from UCO. The reaction temperatures, methanol to oil mass ratio, and amount of catalyst were varied to examine their effects on biodiesel synthesis. The optimum reaction conditions were obtained at 60°C of reaction temperature, 10:1 of methanol to oil mass ratio, and 10% of catalyst amount. The highest biodiesel yield of 94.4% was obtained.

Sustainable biodiesel generation through catalytic transesterification of waste sources: a literature review and bibliometric survey

“…Moreover, the biodiesel production cost will remarkably decrease by employing highly active waste-derived catalysts, which could also be suitable for large-scale applications. Various studies have shown the use of different waste resources such as rice husk ash, 240 chicken eggshells, 241 fly ash, 242 red mud, 243 steel slag, 244 coconut shell 245 and lime 246 for biodiesel production. The area of the application of wastes in catalysis has attracted increasing interest in recent years.…”

Direct synthesis of Fe-aluminosilicates from red mud for catalytic deoxygenation of waste cooking oil

“…13 Hidayat et al employed calcium/red mud catalyst to convert waste cooking oil into biodiesel through transesterification. 14 This catalyst was synthesized via the wet impregnation in a metal salt solution of calcium nitrate, followed by calcination. High iron oxide content in red mud was used as an oxidative catalyst for the oxidation of volatile organic compounds, 15 and for breaking C–C and/or C–H bonds in the hydrocarbon pyrolysis process.…”