Advances in the fabrication, modification, and performance of biochar, red mud, calcium oxide, and bentonite catalysts in waste-to-fuel conversion

Nganda, Armel; Srivastava, Pankaj; Lamba, Bhawna Yadav; Pandey, Ashok; Kumar, Manish

doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.116284

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 148 publications

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“…This waste residue is mainly derived from the process of extracting alumina from bauxite, and is the most important by-product of the production of alumina by sintering, Bayer, and combined methods, and the annual production of red mud is estimated to reach 150 million tons [86]. The main components of RM are SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , CaO, Fe 2 O 3 , etc., which is an insoluble residue [87,88]. RM has a high water content and contains alkali, heavy metals, and other harmful components; the pH value can reach more than 11, with strong alkalinity, causing a serious impact on the environment and ecology [22,89,90].…”

Section: Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

Xiong,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Energies

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Sewage sludge and red mud, as common industrial waste, have become a research hotspot in the field of achieving carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, reducing carbon emissions, and solving environmental problems. However, their treatment and disposal have always been a difficult problem in the environmental field. Utilizing these two materials for thermal energy storage can not only improve energy utilization efficiency but also further reduce carbon emissions during their treatment process, providing a new approach for sustainable development in the industrial sector. This article summarizes the research progress for the resource recovery of sewage sludge and red mud for direct thermal energy recovery and composite phase change energy storage. After proper treatment, sludge and red mud can be directly used as energy storage materials. In addition, sludge and red mud can be combined with phase change materials to prepare composite materials with an excellent energy storage performance. This composite has broad application prospects in fields such as solar energy utilization and building energy efficiency. However, there are still some challenges and issues in this resource recovery and utilization, such as potential environmental pollution during the treatment process, the long-term stability of energy storage materials, and cost-effectiveness, which require further research and resolution. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the potential of sewage sludge and red mud as energy storage materials, to explore their feasibility and advantages in practical applications, and to reveal the research progress, technical challenges, and future development directions of these two materials in the field of thermal energy storage.

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Section: Red Mudmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

Xiong,

Zhang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…In the past two decades, the usability of biocharsupported catalysts for effective chemical synthesis, biofuel production, contamination removal, and electrocatalytic reactions has been demonstrated. The beneficial features such as the capability of biochar's surface for functionalization, thermal and mechanical stability, chemically hierarchical structure, mesoporosity, the presence of unique active sites including Fe and K, and non-graphitizing character make the potential of using this material as an industrial catalyst and catalyst's carrier countless 113,114 . This material also has important features in catalysis, such as effective tar removal and resistance to carbon deposition.…”

Section: Biochar-based Catalyst For Syngas Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unlocking Sustainability: A Comprehensive Review of Up-Recycling Biomass Waste into Biochar for Environmental Solutions

Pstrowska,

Łużny,

Fałtynowicz

et al. 2024

ChChT

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From the perspective of converting waste into valuable products and reducing environmental pollution, the up-recycling of biomass waste into carbon-rich materials is attracting widespread attention. This literature review presents the possibilities of using the solid product of one-stage carbonization (char) of plant-origin waste biomass. Several applications are discussed, including the production of sorbents, energy storage materials, catalyst carriers, and agricultural applications.

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“…A good option in terms of a carrier, but one that is little used in industrial practice, is the use of bentonite 15 , 16 . It is a noble clay with a high specific surface area due to its layered structure, making it an excellent catalyst support.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bentonite as eco-friendly natural mineral support for Pd/CoFe2O4 catalyst applied in toluene diamine synthesis

Hatvani-Nagy,

Hajdu,

Ilosvai

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Toluene diamine (TDA) is a major raw material in the polyurethane industry and thus, its production is highly important. TDA is obtained through the catalytic hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT). In this study a special hydrogenation catalyst has been developed by decomposition cobalt ferrite nanoparticles onto a natural clay-oxide nanocomposite (bentonite) surface using a microwave-assisted solvothermal method. The catalyst particles were examined by TEM and X-ray diffraction. The palladium immobilized on the bentonite crystal surface was identified using an XRD and HRTEM device. The obtained catalyst possesses the advantageous property of being easily separable due to its magnetizability on a natural mineral support largely available and obtained through low carbon- and energy footprint methods. The catalyst demonstrated outstanding performance with a 2,4-DNT conversion rate exceeding 99% along with high yields and selectivity towards 2,4-TDA and all of this achieved within a short reaction time. Furthermore, the developed catalyst exhibited excellent stability, attributed to the strong interaction between the catalytically active metal and its support. Even after four cycles of reuse, the catalytic activity remained unaffected and the Pd content of the catalyst did not change, which indicates that the palladium component remained firmly attached to the magnetic support's surface.

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Advances in the fabrication, modification, and performance of biochar, red mud, calcium oxide, and bentonite catalysts in waste-to-fuel conversion

Cited by 8 publications

References 148 publications

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

A Mini Review on Sewage Sludge and Red Mud Recycling for Thermal Energy Storage

Unlocking Sustainability: A Comprehensive Review of Up-Recycling Biomass Waste into Biochar for Environmental Solutions

Bentonite as eco-friendly natural mineral support for Pd/CoFe2O4 catalyst applied in toluene diamine synthesis

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