Biodiesel production under mild reaction conditions assisted by high shear mixing

Mixing Performance of an Inline High-Shear Mixer with a Novel Pore-Array Liquid Distributor

“…Hence, to obtain a rapid mixing level, three key principles must be followed: (a) providing a high energy dissipation rate region, (b) dispersing the fluid in this region as soon as possible, and (c) ensuring that the fluid passes through this region as much as possible . The high-shear mixer (HSM), characterized with narrow rotor and stator spacing (0.1–3.0 mm), high rotor tip speeds (10–50 m·s –1 ), large shear rates (2 × 10 4 to 10 × 10 4 s –1 ), and very high energy dissipation rates (10 3 –10 5 m 2 ·s –3 ), has been increasingly used in many energy-intensive processes such as liquid–liquid emulsification and extraction, , gas–liquid mass transfer, solid–liquid dissolving and suspension, and chemical reactions . In this work, HSM is employed to provide the high energy dissipation rate region.…”

Waste rubber seeds as a renewable energy source: direct biodiesel production using a controlled crushing device

“…The vigorous mixing could provide larger surface contact areas between reagents which could increase the reaction rates. 48 Previous published results showed no biodiesel conversion was detected in the DT of Spirulina platensis biomass without stirring but the conversion increased signicantly as an intense mixing was applied. 49 Therefore the rotational speed of the CCD was varied from 3000 to 8000 rpm in increment of 1000 rpm under reaction condition of ratio seeds: methanol of 1 : 2 (wt/v), catalyst concentration of 3 wt/v% and reaction time of 7 minutes.…”

Caracterización Fisicoquímica De Biodiésel Derivado De Grasa De Pollo Con Alternativa De Producción Limpia en La Sabana De Túquerres-Nariño

“…La preparación de la fase alcohólica de metanol se realizó mediante mezcla y reacción inicial con el catalizador de hidróxido de sodio, por su ventaja de disolverse en aceite en presencia de metanol, especialmente se opta debido a la solubilidad, es más eficaz y de un costo bajo (Kirubakaran;Arul, 2018), el cual fue añadido al reactor en una proporción de 0,5 % con base al contenido de aceite. Se optó por emplear un contenido de metanol en exceso de 200 % para obtener una relación molar estequiométrica de alcohol: aceite (3:1), según recomienda Sánchez-Cantú et al,(2019), donde se tomó como ácido graso predominante el ácido oleico, el cual representa el 41 % (Amado;Villamizar;Gafaro, 2005). Finalmente, se mezcló y efectuó la reacción de transesterificación durante 60 min.…”