Biodiesel Production by Transesterification of Tallow Fat Using Heterogeneous Catalysis

Abstract

Biodiesel is an eco-friendly alternative diesel fuel prepared from domestic renewable resources i.e. vegetable oils and animal fats. In this process, biodiesel is produced by transesterification of triglycerides present in animal fat or vegetable oils, by displacing glycerine with a low molar mass alcohol using homogeneous or heterogeneous catalysis. The resulting ester, after mixing with diesel fuels, has physicochemical properties similar to those of conventional fuels. In this work, the batch process of biodiesel production has been studied using tallow fat as raw material with methanol and a heterogeneous catalyst. The quality of the produced biodiesel was evaluated by the determination of important properties, such as viscosity, flash point, cetane number, oxidation stability, glycerine content, acid value, etc. The produced biodiesel was found to demonstrate fuel properties within the ranges recommended by the ASTM D6751.

Widely used catalysts in biodiesel production: a review

“…301,309 The conversion of tallow fat with methanol showed the yield of methyl and ethyl esters around 95% using Amberlyst-A26 OH with reaction conditions, like a tallow fat-tomethanol molar ratio of 6 : 1, and a resin loading of 2 mol L À1 at 65 C temperature for about 8.5 hours. 310 Hartono et al 311 investigated the catalytic efficacy of a heterogeneous catalyst obtained from a different source, like Lewatit macroporous resin, Amberlite gel resin and natural zeolite from Bayah, to transform WCO to biodiesel. Authors reported the 85.94% yield of biodiesel production by Lewatit macroporous anion exchanger with 6 M NaOH.…”

Widely Used Catalysts in Biodiesel Production: A Review

“…OH with reaction conditions like tallow fat with methanol molar ratio of 6:1, resin loading of 2 mol/L at 65 °C temperature for about 8.5 hours. 310 Hartono et al 311 and catalyst load (20 wt. %).…”

Technological Aspects of Vegetable Oils Transesterification with Ethanol in the Presence of Metal Oxides

“…The result of this investigation was a biodiesel yield of 90-95 % after 360 min. 11 Melnyk et al demonstrated the possibility of using CU-2-8 cation exchange resin with immobilized metal ions as catalysts for transesterification of vegetable oils. 12 Under the optimal conditions, in the presence of the best catalysts, when using ethanol, the triglycerides conversion was more than 99 %, and when propan-1-ol was used, the conversion exceeded 97 %.…”