Herein, we have reviewed new findings in the research domain of the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using different plant extracts and their potential applications as antimicrobial agents covering the literature since 2015.
An ever-increasing energy demand and environmental problems associated with exhaustible fossil fuels have led to the search for an alternative energy. In this context, biodiesel has attracted attention worldwide as an alternative to fossil fuel.
<p>An ever-increasing energy demand and
environmental problems associated with exhaustible fossil fuels have led to the
search for an alternative renewable source of energy. In this context, biodiesel
has attracted attention worldwide as an alternative to fossil fuel for being
renewable, non-toxic, biodegradable, carbon-neutral; hence eco-friendly. Despite
homogeneous catalyst has its own merits, currently, much attention has been paid
to chemically synthesize heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production as it
can be tuned as per specific requirement, easily recovered, thus enhance
reusability. Recently, biomass-derived heterogeneous catalysts have risen to
the forefront of biodiesel productions because of their sustainable, economical
and eco-friendly nature. Further, nano and bifunctional catalysts have emerged
as a powerful catalyst largely due to their high surface area and potential to
convert free fatty acids and triglycerides to biodiesel, respectively. This
review highlighted the latest synthesis routes of various types of catalysts
including acidic, basic, bifunctional and nanocatalysts derived from different chemicals
as well as biomass. In addition, the impacts of different methods of
preparation of catalysts on the yield of biodiesel are also discussed in
details.</p>
Due to its inherent advantages such as easy recovery and reuse of the catalysts/ reagents, and environmentally friendly nature, the heterogeneous system has gain popularity in the realm of organic synthesis. In recent years several chemically or biologically potent molecules are achieved through heterogeneous synthesis strategies. By recalling some of the classical fundamentals of the heterogeneous system in important organic synthesis, this mini-review outlines the recent developments in the applications heterogeneous catalysts and reagents; particularly in the solid phase synthesis, esterification and transesterification reactions to produce biodiesel, and Henry reaction.
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