BiodentineTM is cytocompatible with human primary osteoblasts

Abstract

Calcium silicate-based materials have been widely studied due to their resemblance to, and similar applicability of, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Among these, Biodentine™ (BD) was specifically designed as a "dentin replacement" material for applications such as root perforations, apexification, treatment of resorptive lesions, and as a retrograde filling material. The present study aimed to assess the in vitro response of human primary osteoblasts to BD using MTA Angelus TM as a reference material, by simultaneously analyzing three different cell viability parameters, namely mitochondrial activity, membrane integrity, and cell density. BD and MTA extracts were prepared by incubation on culture media for 24 h or 42 days after mixing. Primary human osteoblasts were exposed to extracts for 24 h, at 37 o C with 5% CO 2 , and cell viability was evaluated by the XTT, NRU, and CVDE assays. Both materials induced cell viability levels higher than 70% when extracted for 24 h. However, when cells were exposed to extracts with increased conditioning times, MTA presented significant cytotoxic effects (p < 0.05) in comparison to the control and MTA at 24 h. After 42 days, the XTT assay identified a significant reduction in cell viability by BD when compared to the control (p<0.05), despite the fact that levels above the 70% viability cutoff were attained for biocompatible materials. It can be concluded that BD is cytocompatible with human primary osteoblasts, indicating its adequacy in direct contact with bone tissues.

Present status and future directions: Hydraulic materials for endodontic use

“…For human primary osteoblasts cultured with MTA Angelus or Biodentine 24‐h extracts, cell metabolism, integrity and density have statistically equivalent levels to those of the control group with culture medium (Scelza et al, 2017). For 42‐day cement extracts, both materials were associated with a cytotoxic effect (Scelza et al, 2017).…”

“…For human primary osteoblasts cultured with MTA Angelus or Biodentine 24‐h extracts, cell metabolism, integrity and density have statistically equivalent levels to those of the control group with culture medium (Scelza et al, 2017). For 42‐day cement extracts, both materials were associated with a cytotoxic effect (Scelza et al, 2017). However, the 42‐day extracts represented a cumulative release of the cements without refreshing the culture medium, which may be an overestimation of the clinical situation as the diffusion of the surrounding tissues and blood vessels that refreshes the cement extracts was not taken into consideration (Scelza et al, 2017).…”

Volumetric Evaluation of Voids and Gaps of Different Calcium-Silicate Based Materials Used in Furcal Perforations: A Micro-CT Study

“…However, the furcal perforation repair is the best option in terms of dental structure preservation. The evaluation of the furcal perforation healing is still limited once valuable alternatives for this clinical condition are frequently based on unreliable clinical reports, increasing the need for more studies under controlled conditions [28] Even with an increasing tendency towards the application of calcium silicate-based materials in Endodontics [29], there are a small number of studies concerning their sealing ability in furcal perforation repair through Micro-CT. Concerning this, the filling ability of calcium silicate-based materials, with different handling and mixing features, for the treatment of furcal perforation was evaluated in the current study by assessing the volume (mm 3 ) percentage of gaps (VG%) and voids (VV%) through Micro-CT analysis.…”

In vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate‑based bioceramics in endodontics (Review)

“…Excess calcium concentration induces cell death by apoptosis or necrosis ( 160 ), whereas slight increases in extracellular Ca 2+ concentration ( 161 ) and continuous low levels of calcium ion release, along with slower change in pH, promote proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts ( 162 , 163 ). The decreased viability of primary human osteoblasts induced by MTA may be due to the cumulative effect of the release of toxic components, such as Bi and Al ions, following contact with bioceramic extract ( 164 ). These different results may be due to different methods and concentrations of bioceramics used in the experiments.…”

“…Compared with MTA, Biodentine displays good cytocompatibility with primary human osteoblasts, indicated by enhancement of cell viability, attachment and proliferation ( 164 , 181 ). Similar biocompatibility of MTA and Biodentine has been observed with human osteoblast-like cell line MG63; both enhance viability, adhesion and proliferation of MG63 cells, which may be because Biodentine and MTA have similar surface roughness, heterogeneous morphology and particle size ( 182 ).…”