Biodegradation of Dental Resin-Based Composite—A Potential Factor Affecting the Bonding Effect: A Narrative Review

Abstract

In recent years, although resin composite has played an important role in the restoration of tooth defects, it still has several disadvantages, including being biodegraded by saliva, bacteria and other enzymes in the oral cavity, which may result in repair failure. This factor is not conducive to the long-term survival of the prosthesis in the mouth. In this article, we review the causes, influencing factors and prevention methods of resin biodegradation. Biodegradation is mainly caused by esterase in saliva and bacteria, which breaks the ester bond in resin and causes the release of monomers. The mechanical properties of the prosthesis can then be affected. Meanwhile, cathepsin and MMPs are activated on the bonding surface, which may decompose the dentin collagen. In addition, neutrophils and residual water on the bonding surface can also aggravate biodegradation. Currently, the primary methods to prevent biodegradation involve adding antibacterial agents to resin, inhibiting the activity of MMPs and enhancing the crosslinking of collagen fibers. All of the above indicates that in the preparation and adhesion of resin materials, attention should be paid to the influence of biodegradation to improve the prosthesis’s service life in the complex environment of the oral cavity.

Effect of Pre-Heating on the Monomer Elution and Porosity of Conventional and Bulk-Fill Resin-Based Dental Composites

“…They are also present on the inner surface of air inclusions-related to porosity formation-due to oxygen inhibition [34,46]. The above issues may compromise the biocompatibility of RBCs and create favorable conditions for the proliferation of microorganisms [47]. The solubility of RBCs, furthermore, can accelerate degradation, which adversely affects the physical properties of the material [14].…”

Computational analysis of 3D printing: Selecting the better among newly released materials

“…Moreover, certain investigations have indicated their potential influence on dental materials like composite resins, used in restorative dentistry [8,9]. Previous studies hinted at a possible link between the hydrolytic activity of saliva and the degradation of acrylic polymers [10,11].…”

Shear Bond Strength and Color Stability of Novel Antibacterial Nanofilled Dental Adhesive Resins

“…However, despite their widespread acceptance and utilization, polymer-based adhesive restorations were demonstrated to have limited-service lives (5.7 years) [ 3 ] and to primarily fail by secondary caries [ 4 ]. Incomplete envelopment of collagen fibrils [ 3 ], polymerization shrinkage [ 5 ], hydrolysis [ 6 ], biodegradation (salivary esterases and biofilms) [ 7 ], and upregulation of pathogenic biofilms [ 8 ] are some of the typical limitations associated with current dental adhesive resins. Previous studies have indicated that polymer degradation byproducts accumulate at the tooth–adhesive interface and increase the virulence of caries-producing bacteria [ 9 ], thereby shifting the ecology of biofilms from a state of health into a disease-associated state [ 10 , 11 ].…”