Biodegradation by composting of municipal organic solid waste into organic fertilizer using the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) larvae

Abstract

Purpose The objectives of this study were to assess the black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) composting potential and to analyse the quality of organic fertilizer produced for agricultural purposes. Methods The waste biodegradation was determined by varying waste feed treatment (2, 2.5, 3.0, 3.5, to 4 kg) and control treatment of (2 kg) of heterogeneous mixture of municipal organic solid waste from market, restaurant and households. Each of the setups received equal number of viable larvae (i.e. 2000) which were 5-6 days old. To analyse the nutrient concentration of the compost residues with BSFL, the substrate and final compost were evaluated based on the levels of NPK as well as the C:N ratio. To evaluate the toxic levels of the final compost in terms of heavy metals, the presence and levels of As, Cd, Fe, Pb and Ni were investigated. Results The analysis showed that there was high percentage increase of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium levels, i.e. 41.2% (SD ± 0.71%), 32.4% (SE ± 0.2%) and 77.1% (SE ± 0.19%), respectively. It was found that the larvae degraded more than half of the total substrate within 2 weeks. The study showed a decrease in heavy metal concentrations after larvae composting. Conclusion The study revealed that the concentration of NPK increased significantly among the treatment groups. The study further revealed that some of the heavy metals under investigation had reduced to an acceptable level according to the standards of both local and international regulatory bodies.

Suitability of Black Soldier Fly Frass as Soil Amendment and Implication for Organic Waste Hygienization

“…It is an inevitable side-stream during the mass-rearing of insects that can add up to 75% of the fed substrate [12] and is often merchandised as a fertilizing product. In recent years, an increasing number of studies started focusing on meaningful applications of insect frass [9,[13][14][15], and the first large-scale field studies provided promising perspectives for its application in agriculture, especially in terms of plant nutrient availability [10,11,16].…”

Evaluation of Fertilizer Value of Residues Obtained after Processing Household Organic Waste with Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens)

“…Although using only cereal byproducts for BSF larvae production will maintain the safety of feed for livestock, this regulation may inhibit the possibility of sustainable resource recycling technology. The BSFR could be used as an organic fertilizer because BSF larvae can use livestock manure and HOW as a food source [5,6], which is typically disposed of as organic waste [6]. However, most previous studies on BSF larvae production have been conducted to develop efficient organic waste treatment conditions for BSF larvae production.…”

“…Efficient BSF larvae production methods are currently being investigated; however, very few studies currently exist on the fertilizer value of BSFR made from HOW. In a recent study, a mixture of municipal solid organic waste from factories and households was treated with BSF larvae [6]. This study reported that the heavy metal content in municipal solid organic waste was reduced and the heavy metal content in the residue was below the threshold for fertilizer use [6].…”

“…In a recent study, a mixture of municipal solid organic waste from factories and households was treated with BSF larvae [6]. This study reported that the heavy metal content in municipal solid organic waste was reduced and the heavy metal content in the residue was below the threshold for fertilizer use [6]. However, the study did not investigate microorganisms in the residue and evaluate its effects on plants.…”

PENGARUH RASIO UMPAN, VARIASI JENIS SAMPAH ORGANIK, DAN KUALITAS KOMPOS HASIL BIOKONVERSI MENGGUNAKAN LARVA BLACK SOLDIER FLY (Hermetia Illucens)

“…Untuk nilai terendah dikarenakan kandungan air tinggi yang menyebabkan kondisi anerobik menghasilkan amonia dan metana menghambat konsumsi pakan sehingga mempengaruhi pertumbuhan larva. Semakin banyak jumlah substrat yang diberikan, maka semakin banyak kandungan air substrat (Jiang et al, 2019;Sarpong et al, 2019). Jumlah substrat yang sedikit menyebabkan efisiensi larva dalam memakan sampah atau limbah tinggi dan mengurangi pembusukan sampah yang mengakibatkan kadar air tinggi (da Silva and Hesselberg, 2020).…”