Biodegradable packaging materials conception based on starch and polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with cellulose

Masmoudi, Fatma; Bessadok, Atef; Dammak, Mohamed; Jaziri, Mohamed; Ammar, Emna

doi:10.1007/s11356-016-7276-y

Cited by 71 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…together with a cost competitive price and easy processing by conventional techniques. For these reasons, PLA finds increasing uses in a wide range of industrial sectors such as automotive [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ], medical devices [ 5 , 6 ], construction and building, 3D printing [ 7 , 8 ], packaging [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ], wood plastic composites (WPCs) [ 13 , 14 ], and so on. Nevertheless, PLA is a very fragile polymer with very low toughness.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizers from Soybean Oil for Ternary Blends of Poly(lactic acid)-PLA, Poly(ε-caprolactone)-PCL and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-PHB

et al. 2017

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Ternary blends of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) with a constant weight percentage of 60%, 10% and 30% respectively were compatibilized with soybean oil derivatives epoxidized soybean oil (ESO), maleinized soybean oil (MSO) and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil (AESO). The potential compatibilization effects of the soybean oil-derivatives was characterized in terms of mechanical, thermal and thermomechanical properties. The effects on morphology were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). All three soybean oil-based compatibilizers led to a noticeable increase in toughness with a remarkable improvement in elongation at break. On the other hand, both the tensile modulus and strength decreased, but in a lower extent to a typical plasticization effect. Although phase separation occurred, all three soybean oil derivatives led somewhat to compatibilization through reaction between terminal hydroxyl groups in all three biopolyesters (PLA, PHB and PCL) and the readily reactive groups in the soybean oil derivatives, that is, epoxy, maleic anhydride and acrylic/epoxy functionalities. In particular, the addition of 5 parts per hundred parts of the blend (phr) of ESO gave the maximum elongation at break while the same amount of MSO and AESO gave the maximum toughness, measured through Charpy’s impact tests. In general, the herein-developed materials widen the potential of ternary PLA formulations by a cost effective blending method with PHB and PCL and compatibilization with vegetable oil-based additives.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizers from Soybean Oil for Ternary Blends of Poly(lactic acid)-PLA, Poly(ε-caprolactone)-PCL and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-PHB

et al. 2017

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“…According to Masmoudi et al ., the use of starch or thermoplastic starch (TPS) as a filler may cheapen the obtained polymeric material and emphasize its rapid degradation and hydrolysis. However, it has been observed that its addition compromises the mechanical properties of composites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(lactic acid)–thermoplastic starch–cotton composites: Starch‐compatibilizing effects and composite biodegradability

Macedo

Santos

Rosa

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is a biodegradable, brittle, and high-cost polymer, which can be applied over structural components and green packaging. In this study, we reinforced PLA with natural cotton (10 wt %) and thermoplastic starch (TPS; 3 wt %) to obtain a biodegradable and lower cost composite. TPS was incorporated in three distinct ways: it was blended, coated, and blended and coated. In this study, we investigated the compatibilization of TPS in the improvement of matrix-reinforcement adhesion and increase in the tensile behavior without a compromise in biodegradation. The samples were investigated with thermal analysis, dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, tensile testing, scanning electron microscopy, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and hydrolytic degradation. The results show that the coupling effect was more pronounced in the PLA TPS -cotton TPS (hybrid system with PLA and cotton) hybrid system. This formulation presented a higher glass-transition temperature, thermal stability, storage modulus, wettability, and ductility. The TPS addition improved the adhesion between the matrix and starched cotton fiber and retarded abiotic biodegradation. These properties will allow for green applications.

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“…7 In this regard, scientists have focused on using biodegradable polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and starch. 8,9 Regardless of their environmental friendliness, they are not widely utilized in packaging industry due to their low mechanical properties, processability, barrier properties, and high cost. 10,11 Bao et al investigated gas barrier properties of PLA films using the time-lag method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature dependency of gas barrier properties of biodegradable PP/PLA/nanoclay films: Experimental analyses with a molecular dynamics simulation approach

Salehi

Jafari

Khonakdar

et al. 2018

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Polypropylene (PP)/poly(lactic acid) (PLA)/clay nanocomposite films with various compositions (PP‐rich and PLA‐rich) were prepared. Their structural and barrier properties against CO2, O2, and N2 were investigated. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was studied by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and wide angle X‐ray scattering. The PP‐rich with 75/25 composition revealed the best barrier properties against all the gases which could be justified according to its microstructure. Selectivity of O2/N2 and CO2/N2 was also measured. It was found that the addition of nanoclay as a gas barrier component reduced the permeability in both systems. The permselectivity was also reduced in the PP‐rich films while it was increased in the PLA‐rich system. Moreover, the temperature dependency of permeability, selectivity, and permselectivity for PP, PLA, and PP/PLA (75/25) samples was examined. The results showed that the temperature dependence of permeability obeyed an Arrhenius equation and order of activation energy of permeability for O2, CO2, and N2 gases was found to be EP < EP/PLA < EPLA. According to solubility measurements, the order of solubility coefficient for gases was as follows: CO2 > O2 > N2. Finally, the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed to estimate the diffusivity coefficients of the gases and showed that solubility increases with increasing temperature, which was in accordance with the experiments. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018, 135, 46665.

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Biodegradable packaging materials conception based on starch and polylactic acid (PLA) reinforced with cellulose

Cited by 71 publications

References 44 publications

Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizers from Soybean Oil for Ternary Blends of Poly(lactic acid)-PLA, Poly(ε-caprolactone)-PCL and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-PHB

Environmentally Friendly Compatibilizers from Soybean Oil for Ternary Blends of Poly(lactic acid)-PLA, Poly(ε-caprolactone)-PCL and Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate)-PHB

Poly(lactic acid)–thermoplastic starch–cotton composites: Starch‐compatibilizing effects and composite biodegradability

Temperature dependency of gas barrier properties of biodegradable PP/PLA/nanoclay films: Experimental analyses with a molecular dynamics simulation approach

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