Biodegradable magnesium scaffolds: Part II: Peri‐implant bone remodeling

Abstract

In this study, histomorphometrical parameters of the peri-implant bone remodeling around degrading open-porous scaffolds made of magnesium alloy AZ91D were investigated and compared with the peri-implant bone remodeling around an autologous bone transplant in the contralateral side in a rabbit model after 3 and 6 months. Osteoblast activity was displayed by collagen I (alpha 2) mRNA in situ hybridization. Major scaffold degradation was completed within 3 months after implantation showing no osteolysis around the scaffolds, both after 3 and 6 months. Enhanced formation of unmineralized extracellular matrix and an enhanced mineral apposition rate adjacent to the degrading magnesium scaffolds were accompanied by an increased osteoclastic bone surface, which resulted in higher bone mass and a tendency to a more mature trabecular bone structure around the magnesium scaffolds compared to the control. These results show that even fast-degrading magnesium scaffolds induce extended peri-implant bone remodeling with a good biocompatibility. In summary, this study shows that degrading magnesium scaffolds promote both bone formation and resorption in a rabbit model and are therefore very promising candidates for the development of novel implants in musculoskeletal surgery.

Porous magnesium-based scaffolds for tissue engineering

“…26 site, reduced trabecular separation and higher trabecular number were observed, indicating formation of a more mature bone with a superior mechanical properties and osseointegration process [107,108].…”

Biodegradable magnesium alloys for orthopaedic applications: A review on corrosion, biocompatibility and surface modifications

“…It is essential that biomedical implants should be designed to control the localised release of metal ions below threshold levels, since the concentration of released metal ions into tissues influenced by various factors like (a) interfacial space between the metal and implants, (b) fluid flow shear stresses between the biomedical implant and bone, (c) variation in pH and (d) local blood supply [63].…”

Assessment of Cellular Reactions to Magnesium as Implant Material in Comparison to Titanium and to Glyconate Using the Mouse Tail Model

“…In vivo studies also exist which report new bone formation at an orthotopic location [1,15] . The aim of the following study was to verify the assumed osteoinductive properties of magnesium implants and to examine inflammatory reactions in the neighbourhood in comparison to the clinically established materials titanium and glyconate.…”