Biodegradable Elastomers and Silicon Nanomembranes/Nanoribbons for Stretchable, Transient Electronics, and Biosensors

Hwang, Suk Won; Lee, Chi Hwan; Cheng, Huanyu; Jeong, Jae Woong; Kang, Seung Kyun; Kim, Jaehwan; Shin, Jiho; Yang, Jian; Liu, Zhuangjian; Ameer, Guillermo A.; Huang, Y.; Li, Jinghua

doi:10.1021/nl503997m

Cited by 291 publications

(308 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Minimizing or mitigating the bending effect by placing devices in a neutral plane is one popular method that has been used in many circuits presented in this section. [186][187][188] Some of the circuits described in this section also use layout orientation to reduce the stress-induced effects. The mechanics and the electronic behaviors of various integrated circuits have been highlighted below (Tables IV and V). A. Circuit-level bending stress effects…”

Section: -12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending induced electrical response variations in ultra-thin flexible chips and device modeling

Heidari

Wacker

Dahiya

2017

Applied Physics Reviews

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Electronics that conform to 3D surfaces are attracting wider attention from both academia and industry. The research in the field has, thus far, focused primarily on showcasing the efficacy of various materials and fabrication methods for electronic/sensing devices on flexible substrates. As the device response changes are bound to change with stresses induced by bending, the next step will be to develop the capacity to predict the response of flexible systems under various bending conditions. This paper comprehensively reviews the effects of bending on the response of devices on ultra-thin chips in terms of variations in electrical parameters such as mobility, threshold voltage, and device performance (static and dynamic). The discussion also includes variations in the device response due to crystal orientation, applied mechanics, band structure, and fabrication processes. Further, strategies for compensating or minimizing these bending-induced variations have been presented. Following the in-depth analysis, this paper proposes new mathematical relations to simulate and predict the device response under various bending conditions. These mathematical relations have also been used to develop new compact models that have been verified by comparing simulation results with the experimental values reported in the recent literature. These advances will enable next generation computer-aided-design tools to meet the future design needs in flexible electronics.

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Section: -12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Bending induced electrical response variations in ultra-thin flexible chips and device modeling

Heidari

Wacker

Dahiya

2017

Applied Physics Reviews

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“…In addition to efforts toward low cost sensors, such as replacing Ag with Cu or carbon based materials and using low cost synthesis and processing methods for CNTs, [9,212] research on developing green wearable sensors using biodegradable materials is emerging. [213] In terms of sensing performance, in addition to uniaxial stretchability that has been demonstrated with many Figure 11. Applications of nanomaterial-enabled wearable sensors in electronic skin.…”

Section: Summary and Future Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanomaterial‐Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare

Yao

Swetha

Zhu

2017

Adv Healthcare Materials

454

296

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humidity level, and concentration of harmful gases, and airborne particulates can provide valuable information for the prediction, management, and treatment of chronic diseases. [4,5] In addition to the applications in wearable health monitoring, continuous tracking of daily and sports activities can offer an efficient way to assess the well-being and athletic performances. [6] In order to ensure a robust and conformal contact with the curvilinear, coarse, and dynamic surface of skin without impeding daily activities, the wearable sensor should have low modulus and high stretchability. The epidermis has a modulus of 140-600 kPa while the dermis has an even lower modulus of 2-80 kPa. [7] Skin itself can be stretched elastically up to 15% and with the help of wrinkles and creases, the overall stretchability can reach as high as 100% during daily motions. [8] In addition to good wearability, wearable sensors should be highly sensitive, lightweight, low-cost, and with low power consumption. To achieve these features, nanomaterials that are compliant, possessing larger surface area and exceptional material properties, and compatible with low-cost fabrication processes are widely employed as building blocks for developing wearable sensors.In this review, we start from a brief overview of nanomaterials, their related structural designs and fabrication processes (Section 2). Following that, recent advances of nanomaterialenabled wearable sensors including temperature, electrophysiological, strain, tactile, electrochemical, and other sensors will be summarized (Section 3). A survey on the integration of multiple sensors and other components into wearable systems will be given in Section 4. The application of nanomaterialenabled wearable sensors for healthcare including health monitoring, activity tracking, and electronic skin will be presented in Section 5. The challenges and opportunities will be discussed at the end. Nanomaterials, Structural Designs, and Fabrication ProcessesNanomaterials can be classified into two categories-top-down fabricated ones and bottom-up synthesized ones. [9] The focus of this review is on the wearable sensors based on bottom-up synthesized nanomaterials. Nanomaterials can be synthesized into various dimensions, from 0D such as metallic nanoparticles (NPs), to 1D such as carbon nanotubes (CNTs), and metallic nanowires (NWs), to 2D such as graphene and transition metal Highly sensitive wearable sensors that can be conformably attached to human skin or integrated with textiles to monitor the physiological parameters of human body or the surrounding environment have garnered tremendous interest. Owing to the large surface area and outstanding material properties, nanomaterials are promising building blocks for wearable sensors. Recent advances in the nanomaterial-enabled wearable sensors including temperature, electrophysiological, strain, tactile, electrochemical, and environmental sensors are presented in this review. Integration of multiple sensors for multimodal sensing and integration with...

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“…[145] Ultraflexi ble or stretchable configurations of transient electronics were also achieved by using biodegradable elastomers and Mg electrodes with serpentine design, where the device structures won't delaminate before stretching to more than 30%. [159] To demon strate the biodegradability, transient devices were implanted in the subdermal region of BALB/c mice (Figure 20h). [157] The integrated after 3 weeks (Figure 20i, left) revealed only faint residues, with evidence of slow reintegration into the subdermal layers, along with apparent revascularization.…”

Section: Wwwadvancedsciencenewscommentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Soft Skin‐Like Wearable and Implantable Energy Devices

Gong

Cheng

2017

Advanced Energy Materials

191

137

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The development of ultra‐compliant power sources is crucial for their seamless integration with next‐generation skin‐like wearable and implantable biomedical systems for long‐term health monitoring. Toward this goal, stretchable energy storage and conversion devices (ESCDs), including supercapacitors, lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs), solar cells, and generators are now attracting intensive worldwide research efforts. The purpose of this review is to discuss the latest achievements in the development of such stretchable energy devices in the context of biomedical applications. We first review the viable strategies and methodologies of fabricating stretchable energy storage and conversion devices. Then, we focus on description of various types of soft energy devices from a materials point of view. Furthermore, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in the design of truly conformal soft energy systems, including various key parameters, such as energy density, stability, and scalability.

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Biodegradable Elastomers and Silicon Nanomembranes/Nanoribbons for Stretchable, Transient Electronics, and Biosensors

Cited by 291 publications

References 31 publications

Bending induced electrical response variations in ultra-thin flexible chips and device modeling

Bending induced electrical response variations in ultra-thin flexible chips and device modeling

Nanomaterial‐Enabled Wearable Sensors for Healthcare

Toward Soft Skin‐Like Wearable and Implantable Energy Devices

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