Biocontrol of Macrophomina phaseolina Using Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strains in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.)

Abstract

The fungus Macrophomina phaseolina is the causal agent of charcoal rot in many crops, such as strawberries and beans. Symptoms include stem and root rot and chlorotic foliage. This disease’s management is complicated because the pathogen forms resistant microsclerotia. This work aimed to obtain bacterial isolates for the biocontrol of M. phaseolina in arid regions. Two strains that grew well under low pH and high salinity, named BsA3MX and BsC11MX, were isolated and identified as B. amyloliquefaciens, based on their morphology and analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA. Both strains inhibited M. phaseolina up to 66.8% in vitro through the combined action of volatile and diffusible compounds. Furthermore, they produce siderophores and indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), have ACC-deaminase activity, solubilize phosphate and zinc, and decrease microsclerotia germination. Moreover, in greenhouse assays using cowpea plants (Vigna unguiculata L.), strain BsA3MX reduced lesions caused by M. phaseolina and induced a significant increase in foliage and root biomass. Overall, these results suggest B. amyloliquefaciens BsA3MX and BsC11MX can be used as biological control agents against M. phaseolina in arid zones.

Harnessing bacterial strain from rhizosphere to develop indigenous PGPR consortium for enhancing lobia (Vigna unguiculata) production

“…As per the literate, similar type of bacterial strains produces or release many different types of metabolites that promote the plant growth and also protect them from various disease. Rangel-Montoya et al [ 49 ], showed the biocontrol mechanism against the Macrophomina phaseolina in Cowpea plant by using B. amyloliquefaciens, with similar type of biocontrol property which present in our microbes. Some study supports our result to improve the nutrient value in the crops as compared to control [ 50 , 51 ].…”

Isolation and identification of antagonistic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens HSE-12 and its effects on peanut growth and rhizosphere microbial community

“…In addition, they were able to produce iron carriers and IAA and had ACC deaminase activity and phospholysis. Furthermore, in greenhouse trials on cowpea plants ( Vigna unguiculata L.), strain BsA3MX reduced damage caused by M. phaseolina and had a significant pro-growth effect ( Rangel-Montoya et al, 2022 ). In this study, HSE-12 inhibited the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii in vitro through the combined action of volatile and non-volatile compounds, and it had broad-spectrum resistance.…”

Toprak örneklerinden bakteri izolatlarının izolasyonu ve nohut solgunluğu hastalığına neden olan Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris’e karşı in vitro antagonistik potansiyellerinin belirlenmesi

“…They are the most abundant bacterium in the agricultural ecosystem and one of their most important reasons is their use in the biological control of plant pathogenic fungi (Akhtar et al, 2010;Zaim et al, 2013;Abed et al, 2016;Villarreal-Delgado et al, 2018;Soylu et al, 2020). Strains of Bacillus taxa can synthesize a variety of antibiotics, toxins, siderophores, and lytic enzymes and induce systemic resistance and plant growth (Rangel-Montoya et al, 2022), also important plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) that protect plants from biotic and abiotic stresses (Abbas et al, 2019).…”