Biocompatible Titanium Alloys used in Medical Applications

Abstract

At global level, there is a continuing concern for the research and development of alloys for medical and biomedical applications. Metallic biomaterials are used in various applications of the most important medical fields like orthopedic, dental and cardiovascular. The main metallic biomaterials used in human body are stainless steels, Co-based alloys and Ti-based alloys. Titanium and its alloys are of greater interest in medical applications because they exhibit characteristics required for implant materials, namely, good mechanical properties (less elasticity modulus than stainless steel or CoCr alloys, fatigue strength, high corrosion resistance), high biocompatibility. The aim of this review is to describe and compare the main characteristics (mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and biocompatibility) for latest research of nontoxic Ti alloys biomaterials used for medical field.

Development of New Advanced Ti-Mo Alloys for Medical Applications

“…• light weight-the density of titanium is close to that of light alloys [3,8]. Main characteristics of metallic orthopedic implants [5].…”

“…Titanium alloys are used for medical applications in multiple fields in human body and became the first choice for orthopedic products. Figure 3 shows the main applications of titanium alloys used in orthopedic applications [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…Alloying elements such as Zr, Ta, Nb, and Sn do not affect cell viability and have shown a reduced amount of ions released into the body, but Al and V contribute to reducing cell viability. Other elements such as Ag, Co, Cr, and Cu have moderate cytotoxic behavior, but their presence in these alloys significantly reduces their toxicity [1][2][3][4][5][6]. By analyzing the current research, these alloys were studied in order to develop Orthopedic products made by titanium and titanium alloys: (a) endoprosthesis for joint replacement; (b) system plate screws for bone fracture repair; (c) screws for bone repair; and (d) intramedullary nail [2,9].…”

Amoxicilin and Clavulanic Acid Intercaled Nanostructures for Dentistry Uses

“…Furthermore, chitosan appeared as a potential nanomaterial for dental uses due to its unique characteristic of antimicrobial agent being explored as a drug delivery system to ensure good public health dentistry. Therefore, antibiotics or other drugs used in oral diseses treatment can be loaded on chitosan nanoparticles having possible applications even in orthodontics as nano-materials deposited on mini-implants for a better osseointegration and prevention on microbial infections [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24].…”

Electrochemical Evaluation of Some Mg-Ca-Mn-Zr Biodegradable Alloys

“…Mg-based biodegradable alloys have the advantage of high biocompatibility, osteointegration and good mechanical properties. Compared to other biocompatible alloys, some titanium alloys or stainless steels, biodegradable alloys have a similar Young modulus to biological bone [1,2]. Following previous research in the metallic biomaterials field and orthopedic implants, it was considered that biodegradable magnesium alloys are the best solution for the implantation of the implants used in ankle, foot surgery and the small joints of the extremities.…”