Biocompatible Tin Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Antibacterial, Anticandidal and Cytotoxic Activities

Abstract

Biocompatible SnO 2 NPs, were synthesized by simple and facile ultrasonic technique, and further studied for antibacterial, anticandidal and invitro cytotoxic activity. The obtained size of synthesized SnO 2 NPs, was 5-30 nm and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The evaluation of antibacterial and anticandidal activity of the SnO 2 NPs, was done by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration (MBC/MFC), against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, respectively. The MIC of 0.5 mg/ml and MBC of > 1 mg/ml for E. coli, while as the MIC of 8 mg/ml and MFC > 16 mg/ml for C. albicans, was obtained. Maximum activity for both, bacteria and Candida was achieved, however, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of anticandidal activity exhibited by SnO 2 NPs. Treatment of synthesized SnO 2 NPs against the colorectal (HCT-116) cancer cell line, decreased the cell survivability in a dose-dependent manner, as lower dose showed decrease of 73.00%, whereas, higher dosage caused a significant 31.34% decrease in the cell viability. The obtained results confirmed, that the prepared SnO 2 NPs can be the future broad-spectrum antibacterial, anticandidal and anticancer agent, and can be further explored for application in the biomedical field.promising potential for use in the pharmaceutical and biomedical applications. Supporting information summaryThe experimental section includes the detailed procedure for synthesis, characterization, antibacterial, anticandidal and cytotoxic activities of Tin Oxide NPs (SnO 2 NPs), which can be find in supporting information.

Bactericidal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract and Its Elemental Analysis Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

“…The antimicrobial potency of the MOS extract was assessed in the Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria via AWD, wherein the inhibited areas around the inoculated wells were measured. Due to the occurrence of varying cell components, there is a discrepancy in the bactericidal action of the MOS extract for the two different types of test bacteria [ 29 ].…”

“…First, cells were cultured in 96 well-plates according to the earlier specified method. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM), supplemented with other reagents (selenium chloride, fetal bovine serum, L-glutamine and antibiotics), was added to the plates for cell growth [ 29 , 30 ].…”

“…From the prepared extract, around 50 μL were added to the wells and further kept at 37 °C for an overnight incubation. Thereafter, the bacterial inhibition zone diameter over the entire well was recorded to evaluate the inhibition by the MOS extracts [ 29 ].…”

“…The adjusted bacterial cell density, as described above, was treated with 250 µg/mL MOS for overnight incubation. The assay was carried out as per the protocol described by Rehman et.al [ 29 ].…”

Elemental analysis of Moringa oleifera seeds by Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and its anti-cancer and anti-microbial studies

“…Approximately 50 μl of the prepared extract was placed in the wells at 37 °C for overnight incubation. At the end of the incubation period, the bacterial zone of inhibition (ZOI) diameter around the wells was measured to evaluate the inhibition effectiveness of the studied MOSs extracts [38].…”