Bactericidal and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Moringa oleifera Seed Extract and Its Elemental Analysis Using Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Abstract

In the current study, we present the correlation between the capability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to monitor the elemental compositions of plants and their biological effects. The selected plant, Moringa oleifera, is known to harbor various minerals and vitamins useful for human health and is a potential source for pharmaceutical interventions. From this standpoint, we assessed the antibacterial and in vitro cytotoxicity of the bioactive components present in Moringa oleifera seed (MOS) extract. Detailed elemental analyses of pellets of MOSs were performed via LIBS. Furthermore, the LIBS outcome was validated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The LIBS signal was recorded, and the presence of the essential elements (Na, Ca, Se, K, Mg, Zn, P, S, Fe and Mn) in the MOSs were examined. The bactericidal efficacy of the alcoholic MOS extract was examined against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus) by agar well diffusion (AWD) assays and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which depicted greater inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria. The validity and DNA nuclear morphology of human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116) cells were evaluated via an MTT assay and DAPI staining. The MTT assay results manifested a profoundly inhibitory action of MOS extract on HCT116 cell growth. Additionally, MOS extracts produced inhibitory action in colon cancer cells (HCT-116), whereas no inhibitory action was seen using the same concentrations of MOS extract on HEK-293 cells (non-cancerous cells), suggesting that MOS extracts could be non-cytotoxic to normal cells. The antibacterial and anticancer potency of these MOS extracts could be due to the presence of various bioactive chemical complexes, such as ethyl ester and D-allose and hexadecenoic, oleic and palmitic acids, making them an ideal candidate for pharmaceutical research and applications.

Synthesis, Characterization, Anti-Cancer Analysis of Sr0.5Ba0.5DyxSmxFe8−2xO19 (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) Microsphere Nanocomposites

“…This is the first study demonstrating the cell viability of MSNPs against HCT-116 and HeLa cells. We have previously reported the impact of different nanomaterials on colon and breast cancer cells [ 36 , 37 , 38 ].…”

“…As per previously described method [34,35], the cells were cultured and maintained in the DMEM media, L-glutamine (5%), penicillin (1%), streptomycin (1%), FBS (10%) and selenium chloride (1%) in (5%) a CO 2 incubator (Thermo-Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA) at 37 • C. The cells were seeded in 96 well culture plates and they reached 75-80% confluence. They were processed for testing samples using MTT assay (Baig et al, 2020;Rehman et al, 2020). The MTT assay was done as per the previous study and the (HCT-116, HeLa and HEK-293, ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) cells were treated with MSNPs with dosages ranging from 5.0 µg to 75 µg/mL.…”

Designing of Co0.5Ni0.5GaxFe2−xO4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) Microspheres via Hydrothermal Approach and Their Selective Inhibition on the Growth of Cancerous and Fungal Cells

“…We previously reported the impact of different nanomaterials on colon and breast cancer cells [ 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The presence of cobalt complexes in the nanocomposites may change the count and length of aliphatic chains, within the coordinated ligands.…”

“…This is the first study that demonstrates the inhibitory effect on cell viability of synthesized Co 0.5 Ni 0.5 Ga x Fe 2−x O 4 (0.0 ≤ x ≤ 1.0) MCs against HCT-116 and HeLa cells. We previously reported the impact of different nanomaterials on colon and breast cancer cells [45][46][47]. The presence of cobalt complexes in the nanocomposites may change the count and length of aliphatic chains, within the coordinated ligands.…”

Special Issue “Novel Antibacterial Agents”

“…A study by A. Baycal et al [9] on Moringa oleifera reported the correlation between the capability of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) to monitor the elemental compositions of plants and their biological effects. In particular, the bioactive components of the seed (MOS) alcoholic extract were tested against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus via an agar well diffusion (AWD) assay and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).…”