Biocompatible reduced graphene oxide sheets with superior water dispersibility stabilized by cellulose nanocrystals and their polyethylene oxide composites

Abstract

The conversion of GO to RGO, using biodegradable CNC, offers a sustainable approach to large-scale preparation of highly biocompatible and easily dispersed RGO.

Nanocellulose-assisted dispersion of graphene to fabricate poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene nanocomposite for humidity sensing

“…Li et al [38] and Ye et al [36] have proved that NFC is an excellent green dispersant for two-dimensional materials as boron nitride (BN) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets, respectively, arising from the amphiphilic properties of NFC. Except that, Ye et al [36] also confirmed when compared to polymeric stabilized rGO, the cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) decorated rGO showed better dispersibility in solvent. Furthermore, the synergistic effects with superior mechanical and electrical properties were observed for PEO/rGO composite films after adding NFC as modifier.…”

Self‐Assembled Polymeric Ionic Liquid‐Functionalized Cellulose Nano‐crystals: Constructing 3D Ion‐conducting Channels Within Ionic Liquid‐based Composite Polymer Electrolytes

“…The well-defined diffraction peaks at 2q = 15.1, 16.4, 22.6, and 34.58 corresponding to crystalline cellulose Ib (defined by at riclinic cellulose Ia and am onoclinic cellulose Ib unit cell) appear in OCNC. [19] After grafting PIL, as trong amorphous peak centreda t1 8.38 from PIL and crystalline peaks from OCNC appear in the resulting PIL-fOCNC, indicating the crystalline structure of OCNC was undamaged after in situ polymerization. Figure 3(d)shows thermogravimetric analysis( TGA) curves of OCNC, PIL and PIL-fOCNC (heatingr ate 10 8Cmin À1 ), while thermald ecomposition temperatures (5 wt.% decomposition) (T d5 % )a re shown in the box.…”

“…ATEM image [ Figure 1(c)] shows that the pristine OCNC has an eedle-like crystalline structure, 5-15 nm in width and 50-250 nm in length, which is similar to the reported size of CNC formed by sulphuric acid hydrolysis. [19] Grafted OCNC with as imilar structure was % 30-50 nm in width and > 250 nm in length [ Figure 1(d)].T hese fibres were intertwined-creating as urfaceb lur,d ue to the functionalization of PIL on the OCNC. It is well known that manufacture of CNCs typicallyr esultsi nw ater dispersible materials with ah igh surface charge, that readily aggregate in organic media.…”

“…were synthesized according to ap rocess previously reported in the literature. [10,19,35] TEMPO-oxidized CNC (OCNC) [22] CNC (1 g) was suspended in 0.05 m sodium phosphate buffer (90 mL, pH 6.8) dissolving TEMPO (0.016 g, 0.1 mmol) and NaClO 2 (80 %, 1.13 g, 10 mmol) in an airtight flask. The NaClO solution (0.5 mL) was diluted with the same 0.05 m buffer used as the oxidation medium and was added at one step to the flask.…”

Surface functionalized nanocellulose as a veritable inclusionary material in contemporary bioinspired applications: A review

“…The limitation of cellulose is its ability to conduct electrical current, where modifications or blending with conductive polymer substrate is required. On the other hand, cellulose also plays an important role in the uniform dispersion of carbon based materials such as graphene, reduced graphene oxide, and carbon nanotubes (CNT) . This is evident when films of PVOH, CNF, and reduced graphene oxide was found to show better conductivity and lower hysteresis to humidity than the films without CNF .…”