Biocompatibility Study of a Commercial Printed Circuit Board for Biomedical Applications: Lab-on-PCB for Organotypic Retina Cultures

Urbano-Gámez, Jesús David; Valdés-Sánchez, Lourdes; Aracil, Carmen; Cerda, Berta de la; Perdigones, Francisco; Reyes, Álvaro Plaza; Díaz-Corrales, Francisco J.; Relimpio-López, María Isabel; Quero, J.M.

doi:10.3390/mi12121469

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Biocompatibility is a key factor for PCB systems intended for biological applications. A few research groups have reported the biocompatibility of several PCB systems for in vitro cell cultures [41,42]. The proposed system has been implemented in a 24-well cell culture plate with Human Dermal Fibroblast (HDF) cell culture to explore biocompatibility.…”

Section: Biocompatibility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost, Scalable, and Configurable Multi-Electrode System for Electrical Bio-Interfacing with In-Vitro Cell Cultures

Rabbani,

Rahman,

Al Aishan

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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Electrical intervention has been one of the prime approaches in therapeutics in recent times. Research studies have reported several instances of electrical intervention in in vitro, in vivo, ex vivo, and clinical experiments. In vitro research shows a direct relationship between applied modulation and changes in a biological entity and leads to proof of theory. Although the stimulus used in in vitro experiments is current, voltage, or electric field, the ionic current flowing through the biological samples is the key factor in biomodulation. The direction and density of ionic current through the biological sample depend heavily on the experimental setup and electrode configuration. Bio-interfacing electrodes within a biological system have been a matter of concern in in vitro experiments, leading to various expensive and commercially available electrode setups. However, most of the setups are tailored for a specific experiment and cannot be altered as required. This paper demonstrates a multi-electrode system designed for in vitro experiments in standard 24-well culture dishes. The electric field distribution and current density of the setup were analyzed using COMSOL Multiphysics. The system is designed using standard PCB building technology. It can be configured into bipolar or tetrapolar setups. The system was used to measure in vitro bio-impedance in a 24-well culture dish for both bipolar and tetrapolar configurations. Bio-compatibility was observed by keeping the system in contact with human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) in an in vitro experiment environment. The results indicate no statistical difference in the proliferation of HDFs due to exposure to electrodes. Moreover, no corrosion on the electrodes was observed. In general, the system is a low-cost, easy-to-make alternative to commercially available in vitro electrical bio-interfacing studies.

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Section: Biocompatibility Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

A Low-Cost, Scalable, and Configurable Multi-Electrode System for Electrical Bio-Interfacing with In-Vitro Cell Cultures

Rabbani,

Rahman,

Al Aishan

et al. 2023

Applied Sciences

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“…The biocompatibility of this MEA has been demonstrated for cardiomyocyte cultures, large slices, or whole-heart preparations [ 212 ], Figure 17 A. In addition, the biocompatibility of the white solder mask PSR-2000 CD02G/CA-25 CD01 has been checked for a retinal continuous culture system, with good results [ 213 ]. Finally, the double-side copper layer PCB has also been used to fabricate MEAs; for example, the one provided by Ayanda Biosystems (Ayanda Biosystems SA, Lausanne, Switzerland) [ 214 ].…”

Section: Printed Circuit Boards For Biomedical Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Printed Circuit Boards: The Layers’ Functions for Electronic and Biomedical Engineering

Perdigones

Quero

2022

Micromachines

Self Cite

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This paper describes the fabrication opportunities that Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) offer for electronic and biomedical engineering. Historically, PCB substrates have been used to support the components of the electronic devices, linking them using copper lines, and providing input and output pads to connect the rest of the system. In addition, this kind of substrate is an emerging material for biomedical engineering thanks to its many interesting characteristics, such as its commercial availability at a low cost with very good tolerance and versatility, due to its multilayer characteristics; that is, the possibility of using several metals and substrate layers. The alternative uses of copper, gold, Flame Retardant 4 (FR4) and silver layers, together with the use of vias, solder masks and a rigid and flexible substrate, are noted. Among other uses, these characteristics have been using to develop many sensors, biosensors and actuators, and PCB-based lab-on chips; for example, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) amplification devices for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). In addition, several applications of these devices are going to be noted in this paper, and two tables summarizing the layers’ functions are included in the discussion: the first one for metallic layers, and the second one for the vias, solder mask, flexible and rigid substrate functions.

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“…The biocompatibility of this MEA has been demonstrated for cardiomyocyte cultures, large slices, or whole-heart preparations [212], Figure 17A . In addition, the biocompatibility of the white solder mask PSR-2000 CD02G/CA-25 CD01 has been checked for a retinal continuous culture system, with good results [213]. Finally, the double-side copper layer PCB has also been used to fabricate MEAs; for example, the one provided by Ayanda Biosystems (Ayanda Biosystems SA, Lausanne, Switzerland) [214].…”

Section: Biosensors and Lab On Pcbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lab-on-PCB Devices

2022

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Biocompatibility Study of a Commercial Printed Circuit Board for Biomedical Applications: Lab-on-PCB for Organotypic Retina Cultures

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

A Low-Cost, Scalable, and Configurable Multi-Electrode System for Electrical Bio-Interfacing with In-Vitro Cell Cultures

A Low-Cost, Scalable, and Configurable Multi-Electrode System for Electrical Bio-Interfacing with In-Vitro Cell Cultures

Printed Circuit Boards: The Layers’ Functions for Electronic and Biomedical Engineering

Lab-on-PCB Devices

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