Biocompatibility of RealSeal, its primer and AH Plus implanted in subcutaneous connective tissue of rats

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study tested rat connective tissue response to RealSeal, RealSeal primer or AH Plus after 7, 15, 30, 60 and 90 days of implantation.Material and methodsThirty Wistar rats had subcutaneous sockets created on their back and received four implants each of polyethylene tubes containing one of the materials tested according to the groups: AH (AH Plus Sealer); RS (RealSeal Sealer); RP (RealSeal Primer); CG (control group – empty tube). After histological processing, sections were analyzed to identify the presence of neutrophils, lymphocytes and plasma cells, eosinophils, macrophages and giant cells, as well as fibrous capsule and abscesses, by an examiner using light microscope. Kruskal- Wallis and multiple-comparisons test were used for statistical analysis. Significance level was set at 5%.ResultsLymphoplasmacytic infiltrate scores significantly higher than those of the control group were observed at 14 and 60 days in AH group, and at 90 days in RS group (p<0.05). There were no differences in terms of presence of macrophages, giant cells, eosinophils, neutrophils or fibrosis. AH Plus group scored higher for abscesses at 7 days than after any other period (p=0.031). RP group scored higher for lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate at 14 days than at 90 days (p=0.04).ConclusionThe main contribution of this study was to demonstrate that issues involved with tissue tolerance of a Resilon-containing sealer, RealSeal Sealer, cannot be attributed to its primer content.

Histological analysis of biocompatibility of ionomer cements with an acid-base reaction

“…However, the process of collagenization showed ascending values at 30 days, a performance similar to that observed for other materials. 15,22 In addition to the inflammatory infiltrate, circulatory alterations (edema) and multinucleated giant cells proved expressively greater with the Meron cement at 7 days, contrary to the respective results observed for the other cements. This was a proportional response of the body to the presence of aluminum and/or iron ions, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] whereby giant cells are released in the tissue to promote phagocytosis, a process by which the ions are surrounded and contained.…”

“…Moreover, the analysis should be performed by means of qualitative and quantified evaluation. [11][12]15 Biocompatibility studies [22][23] have used polyethylene tubes as controls, 22 because they are considered harmless to the epithelial and conjunctive tissue. For this reason, they were used as such in this experiment.…”

“…7 These acids have been pointed out as being substances capable of causing oxidative stress within the cells and interfering in cellular response. 19 Moreover, the low pH of these materials, especially when recently prepared, may have an influence on the potential inflammatory response, [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] as supported by Ribeiro et al 7 These authors demonstrated that Ketac Cem cement powder did not induce alteration in cell DNA, whereas measurable genotoxicity was found for Ketac Cem liquid, composed of tartaric and benzoic acid, in all the dilutions tested in cell cultures.…”

Evaluation of the responses of MHC class II molecule-expressing cells and macrophages to epoxy resin-based and 4-META-containing, methacrylate resin-based root canal sealers in rat subcutaneous tissue

“…However, their tissue compatibility is compromised if some of their components act as antigens or haptens which are able to elicit immune responses 1) . Histological studies on subcutaneous [2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and periapical 9) tissue reactions have shown varying degrees of inflammation being elicited by different sealers. To gain more insight on host response to root canal sealers, it is important and necessary to evaluate their inflammatogenic and immunogenic properties.…”

Resilon: A Comprehensive Literature Review

“…134 One study revealed that tissue tolerance of Real Seal cannot be attributed to its primer content. 135 …”