2008
DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/3/3/034124
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Biocompatibility implications of polypyrrole synthesis techniques

Abstract: Polypyrrole (PPy) is an inherently conducting polymer that has shown great promise for biomedical applications within the nervous system. However, to effectively use PPy as a biomaterial implant, it is important to understand and reproducibly control the electrical properties, physical topography, and surface chemistry of the polymer. Although there is much research published on the use of PPy in various applications, there is no systematic study linking the methodologies used for PPy synthesis to PPy's basic … Show more

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Cited by 186 publications
(171 citation statements)
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“…Water contact angle is a parameter which indicates the hydrophobicity of surface materials. These data are in agreement with other reports which indicate the role of the dopant in the wettability of polypyrrole [20]. The redox state altered the hydrophobicity of the polymer surfaces, but the impact of this effect varied due to the type of dopant.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
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“…Water contact angle is a parameter which indicates the hydrophobicity of surface materials. These data are in agreement with other reports which indicate the role of the dopant in the wettability of polypyrrole [20]. The redox state altered the hydrophobicity of the polymer surfaces, but the impact of this effect varied due to the type of dopant.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 92%
“…Since the mass amount of electro-polymerised polypyrrole is directly proportional to the amount of charge passed during synthesis, all samples were equal with respect to the amount of polypyrrole. On the other hand, the thickness of polymer is related to the charge passed, surface area of the working electrode and the density of final product [20]. Because in this case the charge and surface area were fixed in all samples, the difference in thickness is related to the contribution of each dopant in the final mass product and/or the different density of each polymer type.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…The thickness of the films was also theoretically calculated as 600 nm from the total charge passed using a relationship derived by Diaz et al [31] that assumes that 1 C cm −2 is equivalent to 2.5 m of polymer growth. This is slightly higher than the experimental analysis however, it is important to highlight that the relationship quoted by Diaz et al [31] was for a simple chloride dopant, which has been shown to form thicker films than polypyrrole films doped with tosylate and polystyrene sulfonate when the same amount of charge has been passed [32]. The values obtained from both the experimental and theoretical analyses indicate that the polypyrrole sulfonated ␤-cyclodextrin films are porous and may exhibit thin film diffusion.…”
Section: Oxidation Of Dopamine At the Polypyrrole Sulfonateď -Cyclodementioning
confidence: 57%
“…A hydrogel synthesized from a poly(HEMA)-based hydrogel and poly(aniline was fashioned into a biosensor (by incorporation into recombinant cytochrome P450-2D6) that was responsive to the drug fluoxetine, the active ingredient in Prozac (Iwuoha et al, 2004). These polymeric materials provide a non-cytotoxic interface between the biosensor device and native living tissue or cell culture medium (Fonner et al, 2008). Gawel et al (2010) reviewed the various principles involved in the design of biospecific hydrogels acting through various molecular mechanisms to transduce the recognition of label-free analytes.…”
Section: Electroconductive Hydrogelsmentioning
confidence: 99%