Biochemistry of Sphingosine Containing Lipids

Burton, Robert M.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-87367-6_5

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Because gangliosides are neuronal membrane lipids which accumulate during the period of dendritic expansion [3,17] and because they are located in nerveending particle fractions [29], it seems reasonable to suggest that the decrease in the total quantity of gangliosides extracted from brain may represent a failure in the normal development of a complete dendritic expansion in the experimental animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies of lipids in rat brains during development indicate that the major increase in gangliosides occurs prior to myelination [3,17], probably during the period of dendritic expansion. In this experiment, the brains of adult animals that had been subjected to asphyxia in the newborn period contained less ganglioside than normal brains but were similar in total weight and cholesterol content.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elevation of Phosphorus Levels in Serum and Decreased Brain Content of Gangliosides in Rats Following Neonatal Asphyxia

1968

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ExtractPermanent brain damage commonly follows asphyxia in the newborn period. A clinical survey of 287 newborn infants with seizures indicated that an elevation of levels of phosphorus in serum was not uncommonly associated with the subsequent demonstration of cerebral damage. Experiments were undertaken to examine the possible relations between these variables.Newborn rats were placed for 20 minutes in a chamber, which was continuously flushed with nitrogen and contained less than 0.1% oxygen (micro Scholander and gas-liquid chromatography). During this period they became cyanotic and made gasping respiratory movements. Serial measurements of levels of calcium, phosphorus and urea nitrogen in serum were made after the rats were removed from the chamber. In comparison with the litter-mate controls, animals subjected to the insult had a significant transient elevation in phosphorus levels 24 hours after the insult (table I). Calcium and urea nitrogen levels were unchanged. There was no histological evidence of renal damage. Subsequently, the experimental rats grew more slowly than their litter mates (table III) and demonstrated more apprehensive behavior. The survivors were killed at 10 weeks of age and the glycolipid N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA) levels were determined in extracts of cerebral hemispheres. In the experimental animals, the glycolipid NANA content of brain was reduced to 1.90 ±0.10/^moles/g wet weight (normal 2.13 ±0.09), although the total weight and cholesterol content of cerebral hemispheres did not differ between the two groups. Speculation

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevation of Phosphorus Levels in Serum and Decreased Brain Content of Gangliosides in Rats Following Neonatal Asphyxia

1968

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Carbon monoxide‐induced brain injury: Neurochemical studies after single and repeated exposures

Elovaara

Rantanen

1983

J of Applied Toxicology

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Biochemical effects of a single and once-repeated exposure to carbon monoxide (0.2% CO, 30 min) were studied in mouse brain. The effect of the severity of the first exposure on the brain reaction to the second exposure (0.2% CO, 30 min) was also studied after exposure to four different CO doses (0.2% CO for 0, 2 or 5 h, and 0.3% CO for 2 h). 1. The DNA content of brain decreased after single and once-repeated CO exposures. The effect of the second exposure was greater than that of the first. 2. The changes in the glycosphingolipid synthesis of brain were measured as the specific rate of precursor incorporation into the two isolated galactolipid fractions, i.e., cerebrosides and gangliosides following a 2-h pulse-labelling with 3H-galactose in vivo. The synthesis of cerebrosides was substantially inhibited for a short period after the first and the second exposures. A late compensatory over-recovery of synthesis was found only after the second exposure. The rate of galactose incorporation into gangliosides was not immediately depressed after CO exposure, but otherwise the changes were similar to those of cerebrosides. 3. The protein, phospholipid and cerebroside contents of brain were also affected in parallel fashion with the changes of DNA content. The content of gangliosides was increased after the first, but not after the second exposure. The enhanced reaction of brain to the second CO poisoning suggests the existence of sublethal brain cell injury which is produced by the first CO exposure and manifested by altered reactions to the second exposure.

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The Turnover of Lipids

Burton

1971

Metabolic Turnover in the Nervous System

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Biochemistry of Sphingosine Containing Lipids

Cited by 11 publications

References 152 publications

Elevation of Phosphorus Levels in Serum and Decreased Brain Content of Gangliosides in Rats Following Neonatal Asphyxia

Elevation of Phosphorus Levels in Serum and Decreased Brain Content of Gangliosides in Rats Following Neonatal Asphyxia

Carbon monoxide‐induced brain injury: Neurochemical studies after single and repeated exposures

The Turnover of Lipids

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