Biochemical markers of early and late spermatogenesis: Relationship between the lactate dehydrogenase-X and creatine kinase-M isoform concentrations in human spermatozoa

Lalwani, Sasmira; Sayme, Nabil; Vigue, Lynne; Corrales, Marcelia; Huszár, Gábor

doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2795(199604)43:4<495::aid-mrd12>3.0.co;2-z

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It is important to point out that not all sperm functions are simultaneously modulated during maturation, since the acrosomal response to calcium and progesterone in human sperm is not closely related to CK activity and CK-M isoform ratio [31]. Since immature sperm with low CK-M ratios may or may not be deficient in the spermatid-specific lactate dehydrogenase-X isoform [21,32], sperm with diminished maturity may arise due to defects in early meiotic or late spermatogenic stages.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…In immature sperm with excess cytoplasm, the constituent CK isoform is predominantly the B type, whereas in normally developed spermatozoa the M-type isoform is prevalent. Indeed, in two studies of 159 and 135 men, close inverse correlations (r = -0.69 and -0.71, p < 0.001 in both) were found between CK activity (residual cytoplasm) and CK-M isoform ratios [% CK-M/(CK-M+CK-B)] [19,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sperm Plasma Membrane Remodeling during Spermiogenetic Maturation in Men: Relationship among Plasma Membrane β 1,4-Galactosyltransferase, Cytoplasmic Creatine Phosphokinase, and Creatine Phosphokinase Isoform Ratios1

Huszár

Sbracia

Vigue

et al. 1997

Biology of Reproduction

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141

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Sperm creatine phosphokinase (CK) concentrations and the synthesis of the CK-M isoform reflect normal spermiogenesis and predict maturity and fertilizing potential of ejaculated human spermatozoa. Immature spermatozoa, characterized by cytoplasmic retention and low CK-M to CK-B isoform ratios, are deficient in zona binding and fail to cause pregnancies. Because these sperm lack zona-binding ability, we examined in this study whether beta 1,4-galactosyltransferase (GalTase), a key element of sperm-zona interactions in mice, is diminished in immature human sperm. Unexpectedly, GalTase was overexpressed in immature sperm relative to mature sperm: the levels of cytoplasmic CK and plasma membrane GalTase were positively correlated (r = 0.78, p < 0.001, n = 88). Sperm populations with various levels of cellular maturity, prepared by Percoll gradients, had different CK and GalTase concentrations, but within each subpopulation the relationship between CK and GalTase was maintained (p < 0.01-0.001). GalTase activities in intact and vortex-disrupted sperm fractions were similar, showing that GalTase is present on the surface membrane of human sperm--similar to the situation in all other species assayed. The changes previously reported by our laboratory in zona-binding ability and lipid peroxidation rates (which occur simultaneously with cytoplasmic extrusion), decline in CK activity, and increased expression of the CK-M isoform are suggestive of a remodeling of the sperm surface concomitant with cytoplasmic maturation. The changes reported here in GalTase expression on the surface of maturing spermatozoa prove this hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sperm Plasma Membrane Remodeling during Spermiogenetic Maturation in Men: Relationship among Plasma Membrane β 1,4-Galactosyltransferase, Cytoplasmic Creatine Phosphokinase, and Creatine Phosphokinase Isoform Ratios1

Huszár

Sbracia

Vigue

et al. 1997

Biology of Reproduction

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141

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“…However, until this present study, we know of no reports that have immunolocalized HspA2 protein in human testis and sperm and correlated its expression to sperm function. Results from these studies are consistent with earlier biochemical data that demonstrated an inverse correlation (r ϭ Ϫ0.69 to Ϫ0.76) between cytoplasmic extrusion (as evidenced by a decline of sperm CK activity) and increase in HspA2 concentrations ( [6][7][8], Fig. 2), as well as between the expression of HspA2 and plasma membrane ␤-1,4-galactosyltransferase (r ϭ Ϫ80 [13]).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Indeed, upon electrophoretic analysis of human sperm extracts, there appeared to be two types of CK isoforms with retardation factors corresponding to those of the muscle CK-B and CK-M [6]. The inverse correlation between proportions of sperm with cytoplasmic retention and CK-M expression, as measured by sperm CK activity and CK-M ratios [%CK-M/(CK-M ϩ CK-B)], respectively (in three independent studies r ϭ Ϫ0.69, Ϫ0.71, and Ϫ0.76, P Ͻ 0.001, n ϭ 159, 134, and 194), indicated that cytoplasmic extrusion and the commencement of CK-M isoform synthesis are related, developmentally regulated spermiogenetic events [6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Putative Creatine Kinase M-Isoform in Human Sperm Is Identifiedas the 70-Kilodalton Heat Shock Protein HspA21

Huszár

Stone

Dix

et al. 2000

Biology of Reproduction

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137

120

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We previously described a putative creatine kinase M isoform in human sperm that is developmentally regulated and expressed during late spermiogenesis, simultaneous with cytoplasmic extrusion. We have now identified this protein as the testis-expressed 70-kDa heat shock protein chaperone known as HspA2 (the human homologue of mouse Hsp70-2). We have isolated and characterized HspA2 (formerly CK-M) by amino acid sequencing and have localized it by immunocytochemistry to spermatocytes at low levels, to spermatids, and in the tail of mature sperm. The specificity of the CK-M/HspA2 antiserum to HspA2 was demonstrated on immunoblots of one- and two-dimensional SDS-PAGE. In agreement with our earlier biochemical data, immunocytochemistry of testicular tissue indicated that HspA2 is selectively expressed in mature spermatids and in sperm about to be released in the seminiferous tubuli. The identity of HspA2 has been further confirmed by cross-absorption of the mouse HSP70-2 antibody by the HspA2/CK-M fraction, and by identical immunostaining patterns of human testicular tissue using either the anti-CK-M/HspA2 or an anti-mouse Hsp70-2 antisera. During spermiogenesis, both cytoplasmic extrusion and plasma membrane remodeling, which facilitate the formation of the zona pellucida binding site, involve major intrasperm protein transport, which may be chaperoned by HspA2. Accordingly, in immature human sperm, which fail to express HspA2, there is cytoplasmic retention and lack of zona pellucida binding. The present findings provide the biological rationale for the role of the human HspA2 as an objective biochemical marker of sperm function and male fertility, which we have established in earlier clinical studies.

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“…A mature sperm cell must display certain biochemical and physiological markers that enable it to accomplish fertilization (1). However, experience with micromanipulationassisted fertilization shows that the majority of the highly specialized sperm functions gradually acquired during maturation are only necessary to deliver the sperm nucleus into the oocyte and to activate an oocyte, setting embryonic development into motion (2,3).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Embryos generated using testicular spermatozoa have higher developmental potential than those obtained using epididymal spermatozoa in men with obstructive azoospermia

Dozortsev

Neme

Diamond

et al. 2006

Fertility and Sterility

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Biochemical markers of early and late spermatogenesis: Relationship between the lactate dehydrogenase-X and creatine kinase-M isoform concentrations in human spermatozoa

Cited by 27 publications

References 28 publications

Sperm Plasma Membrane Remodeling during Spermiogenetic Maturation in Men: Relationship among Plasma Membrane β 1,4-Galactosyltransferase, Cytoplasmic Creatine Phosphokinase, and Creatine Phosphokinase Isoform Ratios1

Sperm Plasma Membrane Remodeling during Spermiogenetic Maturation in Men: Relationship among Plasma Membrane β 1,4-Galactosyltransferase, Cytoplasmic Creatine Phosphokinase, and Creatine Phosphokinase Isoform Ratios1

Putative Creatine Kinase M-Isoform in Human Sperm Is Identifiedas the 70-Kilodalton Heat Shock Protein HspA21

Embryos generated using testicular spermatozoa have higher developmental potential than those obtained using epididymal spermatozoa in men with obstructive azoospermia

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