Biochemical Events in Cervical Ripening Dilatation during Pregnancy and Parturition

Osmers, R.; Adelmann-Grill, B. C.; Rath, Werner; Stuhlsatz, H. W.; Tschesche, Harald; Kuhn, Walther

doi:10.1111/j.1447-0756.1995.tb01092.x

Cited by 71 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Previously, IL-8 mRNA expression has been identified in human gestational tissues [13,16,17], and its release from placental [16] and cervical explants [7] as well as primary cultures of gestational tissue cell types [18,19] has been demonstrated. Although IL-8 has been identified within the intrauterine tissues, little is known about the release of IL-8 from human fetal membranes and the regulation of IL-8 release from human gestational tissues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-8 Release from Human Gestational Tissue Explants: The Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Cytokines1

Laham

Brennecke

Rice

1997

Biology of Reproduction

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Interleukin (IL)-8 is a chemotactic cytokine that has been implicated in the etiology of infection-induced and normal human labor. In particular, IL-8 has been implicated in the processes of cervical ripening and rupture of fetal membranes because of its role in neutrophil activation and release of cellular matrix remodeling enzymes. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that IL-8 is released locally in the intrauterine environment from human amnion, choriodecidua, and placenta, and that IL-8 release from these tissues is increased by bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), and inflammatory cytokines. IL-8 was released from human amnion, choriodecidual, and placental explants, with choriodecidua demonstrating the most abundant release. IL-8 release was significantly (multiple analysis of variance, p < 0.05) increased by LPS in a time- and dose-dependent manner from both choriodecidual and placental explants, but not from amnion explants. In addition, IL-1alpha (0.28 nM) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha, 10 nM) significantly (Student's t-test, p < 0.05) increased IL-8 release from placental explants 2- to 3-fold. These studies establish that the amnion, choriodecidua, and placenta are a source of IL-8 and demonstrate tissue-specific and differential regulation of IL-8 release by LPS, IL-1alpha, and TNF-alpha. These data support a role for IL-8 in a cascade of inflammatory events initiated by an intrauterine infection and resulting in activation of the labor process.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interleukin-8 Release from Human Gestational Tissue Explants: The Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Cytokines1

Laham

Brennecke

Rice

1997

Biology of Reproduction

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“…3 Labour initiation is considered to be brought about by a shift in the balance from signals causing uterine relaxation to those signalling uterine contraction. Factors that have been shown to potentially play a role in the initiation and progression of labour, include an alteration in the estrogen to progesterone ratio, 4 functional progesterone withdrawal in the myometrium through a change in progesterone receptor A:B isoform ratio, 5 modulation in the levels of prostaglandins [6][7][8][9][10] and of their receptors, and an increase in oxytocin levels, 11,12 and oxytocin receptor sensitivity, 13 increased levels of corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH), 14,15 inflammatory mediators, 16,17 and myometrial distension/stretch. 18 More recently, evidence has emerged that suggests a role for the endocannabinoid system in labour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The plasma levels of the endocannabinoid, anandamide, increase with the induction of labour

Nallendran

Lam

Marczylo

et al. 2010

BJOG

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Objective Plasma anandamide (AEA) levels have previously been shown to be elevated in labour and defective cannabinoid receptor type 1 signalling in mice has been shown to be associated with elevation of corticotrophin-releasing hormone and spontaneous onset of preterm labour. We measured plasma AEA levels in women undergoing induction of labour to define the changes during the transition from the nonlabouring to labouring state.Design A longitudinal observational study.Setting A large UK teaching hospital.Population Term pregnant women undergoing induction of labour.Methods Blood was collected from women before induction of labour and again when they were in active labour. Plasma AEA was extracted and measured using ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.Main outcome measures The primary outcome variable was change in plasma AEA levels from the nonlabouring to the labouring state. The secondary outcome was induction-to-delivery interval.Results There was a 1.5-fold increase in mean plasma AEA levels from 1.20 ± 0.57 nm in the nonlabouring state to 1.82 ± 0.87 nm in the labouring state (P < 0.0001). Induction-to-delivery interval was predicted by both Bishop's score (P < 0.0001) and percentage change in plasma AEA levels (P < 0.0001). There was a negative correlation between the percentage change in plasma AEA level and the induction-to-delivery interval (r = -0.28; P = 0.0481). This means that the greater the rise in the plasma AEA levels the shorter the duration of labour.Conclusions Plasma AEA levels increase with active labour and the negative correlations between percentage change in plasma AEA levels and induction-to-delivery interval suggest that AEA is likely to be involved in the physiological mechanisms of labour. Whether this increase is essential for myometrial contraction is unclear and needs further investigation.

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“…The activated leucocytes express proinflammatory cytokines increasing myometrial levels of interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-8 (Osmers et al 1995, Winkler et al 1999, Osman et al 2003. The latter promotes further neutrophil infiltration and activation, and the former stimulates PG production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-labour myometrial gene expression: are preterm labour and term labour the same?

Tattersall¹,

Engineer²,

Khanjani³

et al. 2008

Reproduction

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Preterm labour (PTL) is the most important cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality. While some causes have been identified, the mechanisms involved remain elusive. This study investigates whether term labour (TL) is an appropriate model for PTL by examining prolabour gene expression, using quantitative rtPCR, and protein synthesis, using Western analysis, in preterm and term myometrial samples obtained from the upper and lower uterine segments before and after the onset of labour. In the lower segment, the levels of prostaglandin H synthase type-2 (PGHS-2), interleukin-1b (IL-1b), IL-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression were significantly higher in TL compared with PTL samples. Compared with non-labour controls, the expression of IL-1b and IL-8 mRNA was increased in both PTL and TL samples and the expression of PGHS-2 and IL-6 mRNA was increased in TL samples only. In the upper segment, there were no differences between PTL and TL samples and the mRNA expression of PGHS-2 and IL-1b was increased in TL compared with term no labour samples. No effect of PTL or TL was seen on either oxytocin receptor or connexin-43 mRNA expression or protein levels. The multiple regression analysis and studies in primary cultures of uterine myocytes suggest that the inflammatory cytokines, IL-1b and tumour necrosis factor-a, are the most important regulators of PGHS-2 and IL-8. Our data show that preterm and term labouring myometrium are significantly different and that the most marked labour-induced changes in gene expression are in the lower segment. These changes may occur in response to the release of inflammatory cytokines by the labour-associated inflammatory infiltration. Reproduction (2008) 135 569-579

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Biochemical Events in Cervical Ripening Dilatation during Pregnancy and Parturition

Cited by 71 publications

References 32 publications

Interleukin-8 Release from Human Gestational Tissue Explants: The Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Cytokines1

Interleukin-8 Release from Human Gestational Tissue Explants: The Effects of Lipopolysaccharide and Cytokines1

The plasma levels of the endocannabinoid, anandamide, increase with the induction of labour

Pro-labour myometrial gene expression: are preterm labour and term labour the same?

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