Biochemical engineering of biocatalysts immobilized on cellulosic materials

Cotton gauze bandage: a support for protease immobilization for use in biomedical applications

“…Chemical reactivity and physical properties of cellulose and its derivatives depend on the treatment which they have been subject to (Stevens, 1990). Different enzymes have been attached to fibers, membranes and to gels of cellulose or cellulose derivatives (Gemeiner et al, 1993). Cellulose acetate, cellulose butyrate, ethyl cellulose (Gil et al, 1996) and poly(hydroxyethylacrylate)-co-cellulose (Beddows et al, 1984) can be given as examples of cellulose derivatives that were used for the immobilization of urease and trypsin, respectively.…”

Immobilization of Polysaccharide-degrading Enzymes

“…These include the stirred tank reactor (STR), continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR), batch stirred tank reactor (BSTR), packed bed reactor (PBR), and membrane reactor (Gemeiner, Stefuca and Bales~1993). The high recirculation rates of the STR minimize both the destabilization of the enzyme caused by any localized changes in reaction parameters (e.g.…”

“…Discussion will centre on practical ideas, with emphasis on the newest literature, and general considerations behind choosing a matrix and coupling a ligand, along with some of the more common problems often encountered with their implementation. It is beyond the scope of this chapter to review extensively all the published work on this subject Several recent and excellent reviews are available in the areas of immobilized enzyme theory (Zaborsky, 1973;Cheetham, 1985;Kennedy, 1985;Buchholz and Klein, 1987), immobilized enzyme supports and coupling methods (Hartmeier, 1985;Bahulekar, Ayyangar and Ponrathnam, 1991;Saleemuddin and Husain t 1991;Weetall, 1993), and immobilized enzyme uses (Coker and Venkatasubramanian~1985;Heath and Belfor, 1990;Chang and Furusaki, 1991;Luong, Groom and Male, 1991;Gemeiner, Stefuca and Bales, 1993;Mazid, 1993). Several excellent reviews also focus on specific polysaccharide...degrading enzymes: cellulases (Kyosov and Consultant, 1986;Knowles, Lehtovaara and Teen, 1987;Woodward, 1987Woodward, , 1989Klyosov, 1990;Pitson t Seviour and McDougall, 1993), hemicellulases (Biely, 1985), amylases (Fogarty, 1983;Ward, 1985;Wiseman, 1985), glucose isomerases (Chen, 1980; 418 K.B.…”

Application of cellulose/lignin hydrogel beads as novel supports for immobilizing lipase

“…Cellulose, a linear polysaccharide of D-glucose residues linked by -(14)-glycosidic bonds, is the most abundant renewable biopolymer on earth. It shows excellent thermal and mechanical properties and high biocompatibility [11,12].…”