Biochemical Effects on Germ-free Mice of Association with Several Strains of Anaerobic Bacteria

Welling, Gjalt W.; Groen, Gerda; Tuinte, J; Koopman, J. P.; Kennis, H. M.

doi:10.1099/00221287-117-1-57

Cited by 41 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(11 reference statements)

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“…As stated before, these capabilities seem to be a rare event among intestinal micro-organisms (6,14,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of probiotics on five biochemical microflora-associated characteristics, in vitro and in vivo

Cardona¹

2002

Food & Nutrition Research

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Background: Several bacterial strains, mainly those belonging to the genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Streptococcus and Bi dobacterium, are currently used as probiotics. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the in uence of probiotics on ve biochemical microbial-related functions in vitro and in vivo, in gnotobiotic mice, by applying the G AC:M AC (germ-free animal characteristic:micro ora-associated characteristic) concept. Design: Sixteen probiotics were monoinoculated in vitro and:or monoassociated to germ-free mice to investigate the following biochemical parameters in large intestinal samples: inactivation of tryptic activity, degradation of b-aspartylglycine and of mucin, conversion of bilirubin to urobilinogen and b-glucuronidase activity. Results: Lactobacillus reuteri 2010, L. rhamnosus strain 271, L. rhamnosus ATCC7469 and L. rhamnosus G G ATCC53103 expressed b-glucuronidase activity. The other parameters tested were not in uenced by any of the probiotics. Conclusions: Bacterial b-glucuronidases have an important intestinal function. As many microbial -host and microbe-diet interactions occur in the gastrointestinal tract of mammals, microbial-related functions should be studied in greater detail in probiotics.

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“…As stated before, these capabilities seem to be a rare event among intestinal micro-organisms (6,14,15).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of probiotics on five biochemical microflora-associated characteristics, in vitro and in vivo

Cardona¹

2002

Food & Nutrition Research

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“…In earlier studies we tried to 'normalize' germ-free mice with cultured microfloras (Welling, Groen, Tuinte, Koopman & Kennis, 1980;. So far we have not succeeded in achieving this goal.…”

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Association of germfree mice with intestinal microfloras obtained from 'normal' mice

et al. 1982

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A cultured microflora obtained from the caecum of a 'normal' mouse was given to 4 groups of germfree mice and was supplied 1x, 2x, 3x and 4x respectively at 5-day intervals. Another group received a 10-7 dilution of the caecal flora while a group associated with an 'SPF' flora served as control. The difference (measured by 8 parameters) between mice supplied with the cultured flora or with a 10-7 dilution, both given once only, was small. Supplying the flora 3x resulted in more 'normal' mice compared with mice which received the flora once or twice. The caeca of specified-pathogen-free mice contained more bacteria per gram (microscopic bacterial count), less aerobic and anaerobic bacteria per gram (viable counts), while the yield as percentage of the microscopic bacterial count was lower as compared with the group to which a cultured flora was supplied 4 times.

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“…The resistance of the normal host to the implantation of exogenous microorganisms has been termed "colonization resistance" (34). Some studies with animals have suggested that this protective effect is related to the anaerobic component of the intestinal microflora (21,(34)(35)(36), whereas others have pointed to facultative gram-negative rods as important in this regard (7,14,15,19). However, to our knowledge, there are no data to prove that colonization resistance occurs in humans or, if it does occur, to indicate to which component of the intestinal microflora it is related.…”

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Effect of broad-spectrum parenteral antibiotics on "colonization resistance" of intestinal microflora of humans

Barza¹,

Giuliano²,

Jacobus³

et al. 1987

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Studies with animals have shown that the normal intestinal microflora protects against colonization by new strains ("colonization resistance") and that this protective effect may be related to the anaerobic component of the microflora. However, colonization resistance has not been shown in humans. We administered cefoxitin, piperacillin, cefoperazone, and aztreonam intravenously to healthy subjects for 9 days and monitored the acquisition of new isolates in the fecal flora. Seven of sixteen antibiotic-treated subjects but none of four untreated controls became colonized by gram-negative bacilli. However, there was no correlation between colonization and the particular drug given or the extent of suppression of anaerobes or of any other component of the fecal microflora. Cefoxitin and piperacillin were associated with the greatest increases in the numbers of drug-resistant bacteria and in fecal beta-lactamase content. The results of this study support the concept that colonization resistance occurs in humans and is diminished by antibiotic administration but fail to support the hypothesis that resistance is related to the anaerobic microflora.

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Biochemical Effects on Germ-free Mice of Association with Several Strains of Anaerobic Bacteria

Cited by 41 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of probiotics on five biochemical microflora-associated characteristics, in vitro and in vivo

Effect of probiotics on five biochemical microflora-associated characteristics, in vitro and in vivo

Association of germfree mice with intestinal microfloras obtained from 'normal' mice

Effect of broad-spectrum parenteral antibiotics on "colonization resistance" of intestinal microflora of humans

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