Biochemical Aspects of Parasitism by the Angiosperm Parasites: Phenolics in Parasites and Hosts

Khanna, Subhash K.; Viswanathan, P. N.; Tewari, C. P.; Krishnan, P. S.; Sanwal, G.G.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1968.tb07321.x

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…For example, despite the enormous literature on induced defenses in plant-herbivore systems, it is largely unknown if hosts can induce defenses against parasitic plants (but see Khana et al 1968;Sahm et al 1995;Bringmann et al 1999). The hypothesis that herbivores may choose hosts in order to avoid predators (Bernays and Graham 1988) is analogous to the hypothesis that some parasitic plants gain protection from herbivores by mimicking host foliage (Atsatt 1977;Barlow and Wiens 1977;Ehleringer et al 1986a); however, experimental tests of this hypothesis are lacking.…”

Section: Host Choicementioning

confidence: 96%

Parasitic plants: parallels and contrasts with herbivores

2002

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Parasitic plants are common in natural communities, but are largely ignored in plant community theory. Interactions between parasitic plants and hosts often parallel those between herbivores and plants: both types of consumers display host preferences, reduce host biomass and alter host allocation patterns, modify plant community structure and dynamics, and mediate interactions between host plants and other organisms. In other cases, basic differences in mobility, hormonal and elemental composition and resource capture between plants and animals lead to different effects: parasitic plants have broad host ranges, affect and are affected by host plant physiology because of similar hormonal pathways between parasite and host, do not alter nutrient cycling as extensively as do herbivores, and may simultaneously parasitize and compete with hosts. Many fundamental aspects of the ecology of parasitic plants remain poorly studied, and research to date has been dominated by laboratory studies and studies of crop pests, rather than by studies of natural communities.

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Section: Host Choicementioning

confidence: 96%

Parasitic plants: parallels and contrasts with herbivores

2002

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“…High amounts of phenolics have long been known to be a phytochemical feature of parasitic flowering plants and they are said to occur at a level that is generally higher than the host plant (Khanna et al, 1968;Salatino et al, 1993). The study reveals that G. braunii specimens irrespective of their hosts or locations are rich in phenolic compounds as compared to other species while T. globiferus and T. bangwensis are depauperate in phenolics as compared to other species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Chemical profiles as chemotaxonomic tools for Loranthaceae in Nigeria

Ibrahim¹,

Egharevba²,

Iliya³

et al. 2014

Afr. J. Plant Sci.

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The Loranthaceae species are widespread throughout most regions of the world, and are used for various medicinal and ethnopharmacological purposes. However, the species vary in their pharmacological activity, sometimes in correlation with the species from same ecological region or host plant, due to variation in the chemical profiles. This has led to great emphasis on caution in identification and collection for use. The wide array of secondary metabolites in Loranthaceae species are believed to be of chemotaxonomic importance. In this study, the leaves of seven Nigeria species from different ecological locations were screened for the profiles of their secondary metabolites with a view towards establishing chemotaxonomic significance. The results show the complete absence of alkaloid from all the species. Over 80% of the species tested positive for balsam, flavonoids and phenols, more than 70% tested positive for tannins, 60% for saponins and about 50% tested positive for glycosides and volatile oils. Resins, phlobatannin, terpenes, sterols and anthraquinones were present in less than 50% of the species. Some metabolites were completely absent in one or more species. The patterns displayed could be of chemotaxonomic importance for Loranthaceae in Nigeria.

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“…It is well known that a correlation exists between phenolic content of a plant and its antioxidant activity (Naik et al 2006). The phenolic content of hemiparasites is often independent of host phenolics, although significant host influence does occur (Khanna et al 1968). A study on D. falcata reports that flavonoid pattern of hemiparasites collected from different host plants was found to be same and no influence of the host plant on the flavonoids of D. falcata was observed (Ramchandran & Krishanakumary 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…While studying in vitro antioxidant potential of D. falcata, obtained from different host plants, we found that this hemiparasite has higher antioxidant potential than the corresponding host. High concentration of phenolics appears to be a general feature of parasitic angiosperms (Khanna et al 1968). However, the significance of such higher phenolic content is rarely corroborated in host-parasite interaction studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…E-mail: ramjadhav123@yahoo.co.in 1968). It has been reported that the phenolic content of a parasite plant is often independent of host phenolics (Khanna et al 1968). There are reports stating effects of hosts on phenolics of parasitic plants, both in case of hemiparasites and holoparasites, still the higher phenolic content has rarely been correlated with host-parasite interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Host-hemiparasite transfer of the C-glucosyl xanthone mangiferin betweenMangifera indicaandDendrophthoe falcata

Jadhav¹,

Anarthe²,

Surana³

et al. 2005

Journal of Plant Interactions

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To test the hypothesis that higher antioxidant potential of hemiparasitic plants is due to sequestration of phenolic compounds from the host plants, samples of Dendrophthoe falcata , a hemiparasite collected from different hosts, were investigated for total phenolics, total flavonoids and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The hosts significantly influenced the phenolic content of the hemiparasite. However, similar influence was not detected on radical scavenging activity and no correlation was found in the phenolics and free radical scavenging activities. Further investigation on transfer of constituents revealed that D. falcata sample obtained from a host, Mangifera indica , contained mangiferin, a C-glucosyl xanthone, and some unidentified flavonoids as confirmed by HPTLC flavonoid patterns. The data indicated that the hosts significantly affected total phenolics and total flavonoids in a hemiparasite. This is the first report of transfer of mangiferin from M. indica to a hemiparasite. The present report points towards the need of further investigations on the possible role of transferred phenolics either as mediators of host defense, host defense compounds utilized as cues of identification of the host by the hemiparasite or compounds taken up by the parasites to support their defense against rejection by the hosts.

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Biochemical Aspects of Parasitism by the Angiosperm Parasites: Phenolics in Parasites and Hosts

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Parasitic plants: parallels and contrasts with herbivores

Parasitic plants: parallels and contrasts with herbivores

Chemical profiles as chemotaxonomic tools for Loranthaceae in Nigeria

Host-hemiparasite transfer of the C-glucosyl xanthone mangiferin betweenMangifera indicaandDendrophthoe falcata

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