Biochemical and toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo‐<i>P</i>‐dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in the cormorant (<i>phalacrocorax carbo</i>) after in ovo exposure

Berg, Martin van den; Craane, Bart L.H.J.; Sinnige, Theo L.; VanMourik, Sijmen; Gaag, Marten Van Der; Lutke-Schipholt, Ineke J.; Spenkelink, Bert; Brouwer, Abraham; Dirksen, S.; Boudewun, Theo

doi:10.1002/etc.5620130516

Cited by 67 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…In adult herons, a significant increase in T4 was observed following exposure to TCDD (Janz and Bellward, 1997). A significant negative correlation was found in great cormorants (Phalacrocorax carbo) between mono-ortho-PCBs in the yolk sac and T4 in plasma ( Van den Berg et al, 1994). A decrease in T3 and T4 was observed after treatment of chicken embryos with Aroclor 1242 and Aroclor 1254, but not after treatment with PCB congeners # 54, 77 and 80 (Gould et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Champoux¹,

Rodrigue²,

Trudeau

et al. 2006

Ecotoxicology

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In 1996-1997, nine breeding colonies of the great blue heron on the St. Lawrence River and its estuary (Québec, Canada) were investigated in the framework of a biomonitoring program. Fledglings from colonies in freshwater were more contaminated with mercury, PCBs and many organic contaminants than those from estuarine colonies. The level of contamination in the St. Lawrence River is generally below the levels of toxicological effects for the great blue heron. The molar ratio of retinol: retinyl palmitate in heron eggs was correlated with total PCBs (r=0.79) and Mirex (r=0.90). In plasma, all biochemical parameters were significantly different between freshwater and marine colonies. Plasma retinol concentrations at the Dickerson and Hérons colonies were significantly lower compared with those at Grande Ile (p<0.05) and Steamboat (p<0.001). Based on retinoid and beta-carotene concentrations in eggs, low plasma retinol was not associated with possible dietary deficiency. Plasma retinol was negatively correlated with many PCB congeners, total PCBs (r=-0.78), p,p'-DDE, trans-nonachlor and alpha-HCH. Similarly, the hormone T3 was correlated with many PCB congeners, total PCBs (r=-0.69) and the same organochlorine chemicals. Plasma LDH concentrations were different among freshwater colonies, Grande Ile and Hérons colonies having LDH values significantly greater than those of Steamboat (respectively, p<0.05 and p<0.01). Globally, the health status of the St. Lawrence great blue heron population was judged to be acceptable, however, several biomarkers indicated positive responses to contaminants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Champoux¹,

Rodrigue²,

Trudeau

et al. 2006

Ecotoxicology

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“…Among the pollutants, PCBs and dioxins have dramatic effects on TH function in humans (Koopman-Esseboom et al, 1994;Langer et al, 1998;Nagayama et al, 1998), wildlife species (Brouwer et al, 1989;Van den Berg et al, 1994) and in experimental animals (Morse et al, 1993;Goldey et al, 1995;Zoeller et al, 2002). PCBs have been shown to decrease circulating TH levels during development (Morse et al, 1993;Crofton et al, 2000) and in adult animals FIGURE 2 Disruption of thyroid hormone homeostais by polychlorinated biphenyls and the possible mechanisms.…”

Section: Neurotoxicity Of Persistent Organic Pollutantsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Neurotoxicity of Persistent Organic Pollutants: Possible Mode(S) of Action and Further Considerations

2005

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Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are long-lived toxic organic compounds and are of major concern for human and ecosystem health. Although the use of most POPs is banned in most countries, some organochlorine pesticides are still being used in several parts of the world. Although environmental levels of some POPs such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have declined, newly emerging POPs such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) have been increasing considerably. Exposure to POPs has been associated with a wide spectrum of effects including reproductive, developmental, immunologic, carcinogenic, and neurotoxic effects. It is of particular concern that neurotoxic effects of some POPs have been observed in humans at low environmental concentrations. This review focuses on PCBs as a representative chemical class of POPs and discusses the possible mode(s) of action for the neurotoxic effects with emphasis on comparing dose-response and structure-activity relationships (SAR) with other structurally related chemicals. There is sufficient epidemiological and experimental evidence showing that PCB exposure is associated with motor and cognitive deficits in humans and animal models. Although several potential mode(s) of actions were postulated for PCB-induced neurotoxic effects, changes in neurotransmitter systems, altered intracellular signalling processes, and thyroid hormone imbalance are predominant ones. These three potential mechanisms are discussed in detail in vitro and in vivo. In addition, SAR was conducted on other structurally similar chemicals to see if they have a common mode(s) of action. Relative potency factors for several of these POPs were calculated based on their effects on intracellular signalling processes. This is a comprehensive review comparing molecular effects at the cellular level to the neurotoxic effects seen in the whole animal for environmentally relevant POPs.

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“…The environmental contaminants especially the OCPs are persistent, and on many occasions, they tend to concentrate in wildlife through the food chain (Guitart et al 1994;Henriques et al 1997) and have profound consequences by way of increased reproductive dysfunction (Custer et al 2000), increased susceptibility to diseases or other stresses, and changes in normal behavior patterns (White et al 1986). Due to their lipophilic properties and resistance toward metabolic breakdown, organochlorines are transported through the food chain with strong biomagnifications at the higher trophic levels ( Van den Berg et al 1994). It has been established that an association exists between wild birds, especially birds of prey, and persistent chemical pollutants in the environment (Oxynos et al 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of persistent organochlorine chemical residues in blood plasma of three species of vultures from India

Dhananjayan

Muralidharan

Jayanthi

2010

Environ Monit Assess

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The presence of persistent organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in blood plasma of white-backed vulture Gyps bengalensis, Egyptian vulture Neophron percnopterus, and griffon vulture Gyps fulvus collected from Ahmedabad, India. All the samples had varying levels of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs. Statistically significant (P<0.05) differences among species were detected for beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (β-HCH), ∑HCH, and dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethane (DDT). The mean concentration of ∑HCH, ∑DDT, and ∑PCBs among plasma ranged from 43.7 to 136, 8.8 to 64.8, and 226 to 585 ng/ml, respectively. Among the various OCPs analyzed, 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) was detected most frequently. The concentrations of cyclodiene insecticides detected were lower than the other organochlorine residues. The levels of pesticides measured in plasma samples of three species of vulture were comparable to the results documented for a number of avian species and were lower than those reported to have deleterious effects on survival or reproduction of birds. Although no threat is posed by any of the organochlorine pesticides detected, continuous monitoring of breeding colonies is recommended. This study is also the first account of a comprehensive analysis of toxicants present in blood plasma of vulture species in India. The values reported in this study can serve as guidelines for future research in general as well as control values during the analysis of samples obtained from birds in the event of suspected organochlorine poisoning.

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Biochemical and toxic effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo‐P‐dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) in the cormorant (phalacrocorax carbo) after in ovo exposure

Cited by 67 publications

References 69 publications

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Contamination and Biomarkers in the Great Blue Heron, an Indicator of the State of the St. Lawrence River

Neurotoxicity of Persistent Organic Pollutants: Possible Mode(S) of Action and Further Considerations

Distribution of persistent organochlorine chemical residues in blood plasma of three species of vultures from India

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