Biochemical and histochemical analysis of the enzyme arylsulfatase in human lesions of endodontic origin

Aqrabawi, Jamal; Schilder, Herbert; Toselli, Paul; Franzblau, Carl

doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(06)81359-2

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Studies have demonstrated a strong association between gingival crevicular fluid neutrophil lysosomal enzymes and chronic periodontal disease (Kunimatsu et al, 1995;Buchmann et al, 2002). A phagocytic lysosomal enzyme, arylsulfatase, has been detected in abundance in periapical lesions, whereas samples from healthy tissues showed little or no enzyme activity (Aqrabawi et al, 1993), and teeth with larger periapical lesions exhibit increased levels of the lysosomal enzyme beta glucoronidase (Kuo et al, 1998). Furthermore, neutrophil lysosomal enzymes may activate the complement system, which can contribute to bone resorption in the periapical tissues either by destruction of bone or by inhibition of new bone formation (Torabinejad et al, 1985).…”

Section: Sex Pheromonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Factors ofEnterococcus faecalis: Relationship to Endodontic Disease

Kayaoğlu

Ørstavik²

2004

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

401

247

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Enterococcus faecalis is a micro-organism that can survive extreme challenges. Its pathogenicity ranges from life-threatening diseases in compromised individuals to less severe conditions, such as infection of obturated root canals with chronic apical periodontitis. In the latter situation, the infecting organisms are partly shielded from the defense mechanisms of the body. In this article, we review the virulence factors of E. faecalis that may be related to endodontic infection and the periradicular inflammatory response. The most-cited virulence factors are aggregation substance, surface adhesins, sex pheromones, lipoteichoic acid, extracellular superoxide production, the lytic enzymes gelatinase and hyaluronidase, and the toxin cytolysin. Each of them may be associated with various stages of an endodontic infection as well as with periapical inflammation. While some products of the bacterium may be directly linked to damage of the periradicular tissues, a large part of the tissue damage is probably mediated by the host response to the bacterium and its products.

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Section: Sex Pheromonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virulence Factors ofEnterococcus faecalis: Relationship to Endodontic Disease

Kayaoğlu

Ørstavik²

2004

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

401

247

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“…Endodontic microbiota (1,2) and their byproducts (3) are responsible for the accumulation of inflammatory and immunologic cells in the periapical region (1), as well as for biochemical changes, such as changes in pH (4), the presence of immunoglobulins (5), metabolites of arachdonic acid (1), enzymes (6) and peptides with inflammatory properties, such as cytokines (1). These biological events contribute to bone and cementum-dentin resorption at the apical and periapical level (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Histological study of the effect of some irrigating solutions on bacterial endotoxin in dogs

Silva¹,

Leonardo

Assed³

et al. 2004

Braz. Dent. J.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate, histopathologically, the effectiveness of mechanical preparation of root canals using different irrigating solutions in dog teeth filled with LPS after pulpectomy. A total of 120 root canals of 6 mongrel dogs were filled with a solution of LPS after pulpectomy. The irrigating solutions used were saline, 1, 2.5, and 5% sodium hypochlorite, and 2% chlorhexidine. No irrigation was used in the control group. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days and the teeth were fixed and demineralized. Subsequently, serial 6-µm sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Mallory's trichrome for histopathological analysis and Brown-Brenn for verification of bacterial contamination. Analysis showed that the inflammatory infiltrate was statistically less intense in the groups in which the root canals were irrigated with 5% sodium hypochlorite and 2% chlorhexidine. However, none of the irrigating solutions completely inactivated the harmful effects of LPS. Mechanical preparation associated with different irrigating solutions did not completely inactivate LPS.

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“…The liberated 4-nitrocatechol was measured as described above. The evaluation of arylsulfatase B under these conditions was performed as described (Aqrabawi et al, 1993).…”

Section: Arylsulfatase Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

A synthetic glycosaminoglycan mimetic (RGTA) modifies natural glycosaminoglycan species during myogenesis

Barbosa

Morin

Garcia

et al. 2005

Journal of Cell Science

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Crucial events in myogenesis rely on the highly regulated spatiotemporal distribution of cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans to which are associated growth factors, thus creating a specific microenvironment around muscle cells. Most growth factors involved in control of myoblast growth and differentiation are stored in the extracellular matrix through interaction with specific sequences of glycosaminoglycan oligosaccharides, mainly heparan sulfate (HS). Different HS subspecies revealed by specific antibodies, have been shown to provide spatiotemporal regulation during muscle development. We have previously shown that glycosaminoglycan (GAG) mimetics called RGTA (ReGeneraTing Agent), stimulate muscle precursor cell growth and differentiation. These data suggest an important role of GAGs during myogenesis; however, little is yet known about the different species of GAGs synthesized during myogenesis and their metabolic regulation. We therefore quantified GAGs during myogenesis of C2.7 cells and show that the composition of GAG species was modified during myogenic differentiation. In particular, HS levels were increased during this process. In addition, the GAG mimetic RGTA, which stimulated both growth and differentiation of C2.7 cells, increased the total amount of GAG produced by these cells without significantly altering their rate of sulfation. RGTA treatment further enhanced HS levels and changed its sub-species composition. Although mRNA levels of the enzymes involved in HS biosynthesis were almost unchanged during myogenic differentiation, heparanase mRNA levels decreased. RGTA did not markedly alter these levels. Here we show that the effects of RGTA on myoblast growth and differentiation are in part mediated through an alteration of GAG species and provide an important insight into the role of these molecules in normal or pathologic myogenic processes.

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Biochemical and histochemical analysis of the enzyme arylsulfatase in human lesions of endodontic origin

Cited by 8 publications

References 26 publications

Virulence Factors ofEnterococcus faecalis: Relationship to Endodontic Disease

Virulence Factors ofEnterococcus faecalis: Relationship to Endodontic Disease

Histological study of the effect of some irrigating solutions on bacterial endotoxin in dogs

A synthetic glycosaminoglycan mimetic (RGTA) modifies natural glycosaminoglycan species during myogenesis

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