Biochemical and haematological parameters in owl monkeys infected and uninfected withTrypanoxyurissp.

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to report the occurrence of Trypanoxyuris in owl monkeys, using data from clinical and haematological examinations, as well as clinical chemistry (blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)) of infected and uninfected animals. Twenty animals in apparently good clinical health were studied. The coproparasitological examinations showed eggs compatible with Trypanoxyuris sp. in 50% of animals. The number of red blood cells, haematocrit and haemoglobin levels were significantly higher in the males, compared to the females, irrespective of parasitism. However, comparing segmented neutrophils in infected males and females, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed. All blood chemistry values were considered normal for the species pattern, even though significant differences were observed for BUN and ALT in infected males. The infection by Trypanoxyuris sp. did not appear to interfere with the clinical condition of animals.

Trypanoxyuris (Paraoxyuronema)lagothricis (Nematoda: Oxyuridae) in Lagothrix cana (Primates: Atelidae) from Brazil

“…In fact, during the necropsy of the primate, there were no gross changes such as edema, hyperemia, or mucosal lesions of the caecum, colon and rectum of the animal, at least in part, due to low intensity of infection. Considering the biology of these oxyurids, conditions of captivity and close contact between primates may favor the transmission and maintenance of the parasite (FELT;WHITE, 2005;BARROS MONTEIRO et al, 2009). Indeed, T. (P.) lagothricis was first described and found in animals from zoos (BUCKLEY, 1931;HUGOT, 1985).…”

“…have been reported in non-human primates since the first quarter of the twentieth century, and six species of these parasites were already confirmed parasitizing 10 species of hosts: (1) Trypanoxyuris (Paraoxyuronema) brachytelesi (Artigas, 1936) (Travassos, 1925) described from S. sciureus (TRAVASSOS, 1925;ARTIGAS, 1936;HUGOT, 1984HUGOT, , 1985VICENTE et al, 1997;VALENÇA et al, 2000;AMATO et al, 2002;MARTINS et al, 2008;SOUZA et al, 2010). Moreover, unidentified species of Trypanoxyuris were recorded in A. caraya and S. sciureus (VICENTE et al, 1992) and eggs of these parasites were found in the feces of Aotus azarai infulatus (Kuhl, 1820) (Primates: Aotidae) and A. guariba clamitans (SOUZA JÚNIOR et al, 2008;BARROS MONTEIRO et al, 2009). Despite these previous reports, the amount of species of Trypanoxyuris that occurs in Brazilian primates may be higher than previously recorded considering the richness of primate species in Brazil and their helminths, which have not been comprehensively studied.…”

Hematological and serum biochemistry evaluation in howler monkeys (Alouatta caraya) and capuchin monkeys (Sapajus apella): A comparative study

“…Research centers that maintain NHP must adhere to safety and sanitation protocols to ensure animal health, and quality of research, and to avoid pathogen transmission between animals and keepers 38 . In the present study, parasites were present at an incidence rate above 50% in both NHP species investigated.…”

Haematological changes in the laboratory rat Rattus norvegicus infected with Echinostoma caproni (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae)

“…Variations in haematological parameters are commonly used in the diagnosis of physiological alterations (Valdéz-Cruz et al , 2013). For example, low RBC values may indicate pathological processes such as anaemia, dehydration, haemorrhage, infections or parasitism, among others (Barros Monteiro et al , 2009). In relation to intestinal helminths, it has been shown that they may induce significant reductions in RBC, HCT and HGB levels (Qadir et al , 2011).…”

“…This is probably due to the low level of systemic immune response generated by E. caproni in the rat, together with the increased number of eosinophils at the site of infection (Hansen et al , 1991; Toledo et al , 2004b, 2006; Toledo & Fried, 2005). Moreover, it should be considered that elevated eosinophil levels are commonly correlated with the parasite load (Barros Monteiro et al , 2009). A striking feature in our study is the fact that several parameters in those rats that were infected but in which adult worms did not remain established (egg-positive rats) were markedly different from those observed in the other groups.…”