Biochar Yield From Shell of Brazil Nut Fruit and Its Effects on Soil Acidity and Phosphorus Availability in Central Amazonian Yellow Oxisol

Abstract

Phosphorus is one of the most limiting elements in the amazon soil, requiring low cost alternatives that increase the agronomic efficiency of phosphate fertilizers for satisfactory crop production and biochar has been used as an option for increase soil fertility. The objective of this work was to evaluate the yield and properties of the biochar produced from the shell of Brazil nut fruit at 500 oC, as well as its behavior in the acidity and phosphorus availability from mineral source in Yellow Oxisol. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement (5 × 5) with five doses of biochar (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 t ha-1) and five doses of P2O5 (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1) in 20 kg pots. The trial was carried out at 365 days and the yield and properties of the produced biochar were evaluated, as well as the determination of acidity and total and available phosphorus. The biochar produced from feedstock was considered satisfactory, with 59%, which is a good alternative for producers. Aluminum contents were reduced confirming the potential of biochar as a corrective for acidity. Additionally, the amount of total and available phosphorus increased with increasing biochar doses. Thus, not only the feedstock but also the pyrolysis temperature showed hight potencial to improve the amount of phosphorus in the soil and decrease the soil acidity.

Sustainable Biochar and/or Melatonin Improve Salinity Tolerance in Borage Plants by Modulating Osmotic Adjustment, Antioxidants, and Ion Homeostasis

“…It is well known that Bi can maintain water in itself and accordingly elevate the water accessible to plants within stress conditions [ 58 ]. Additionally, Bi application enhanced soil aggregate stability, decreased soil bulk density, increased soil surface area, and increased soil water-holding capacity, resulting in enhancing soil moisture retention efficiently [ 24 ]. Additionally, Mt spraying might avoid crop water defeat through increasing leaf cuticle thickness [ 59 ].…”

“…Biochar is recognized to alter soil physiochemical characteristics and quality [ 25 , 84 ], thus distressing root biomass, optimizing root morpho-biochemical attributes, and subsequently boosting crop productivity [ 85 ]. Raising the soil pH can influence the ionic charge equilibrium within and outside the root [ 24 ], and this modification in the cation/anion ratio might contribute to pH alteration in the plant xylem sap [ 86 ]. Improved xylem sap pH may cause a considerable strengthening of ABA signaling causing stomatal closure in plants under salinity [ 87 ].…”

“…Most Bi investigations globally have been done on cultivated lands [ 19 , 23 ], yet there are only a few researchers examining the impacts of Bi under stressful conditions. These outcomes indicate that Bi can induce encouraging impacts via enhancing the physio-biochemical and biological trials of saline soils, including enrichment minerals nutrients and recover soil bulk density, stabilization of soil structure, accelerating water-holding capacity, and high cation exchange capability and microbial activity [ 24 , 25 ]. Furthermore, Bi may have the capacity to decrease salt injury following three mechanisms [ 22 , 26 ]: (1) transient binding of sodium (Na + ) on its exchange position, and hence decreasing Na + uptake; (2) rising potassium (K + ) in soil solution, and so preserving Na + /K + ionic balance to lessen Na + uptake; and (3) rising soil moisture content, which may cause dilution effect and eventually causes a decline in Na + uptake.…”

Sustainable applications of lignocellulosic residues from the production of Brazil nut in the Peruvian Amazon

“…Previous studies have investigated the production of biochar from Brazil nut residues (Oliveira et al., 2020). Dias et al.…”

A data synthesis on the biochar properties and implications for air, soil, and water quality in Brazil

“…Biochar is the solid material obtained from thermochemical conversion of biomass in an anoxic environment (IBI 2012). During biochar production, variable amounts of liquid (bio‐oil) and gaseous (syngas) products are co‐generated according to the raw material and the thermochemical conversion method (Machado et al., 2020; Oliveira et al., 2020). Slow pyrolysis generates higher biochar yield when compared with fast pyrolysis that generates more bio‐oil, while gasification converts biomass into gas rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures >700°C under controlled oxygen levels, and has high syngas yields and low bio‐oil and biochar yields (Ahmad et al., 2014; Cha et al., 2016).…”