Biochar of Bamboo Influencing the Availability of P From Different Phosphate Sources in Dystrophic Yellow Oxisol of Amazon

Abstract

The residual biomass of leaves and branches of fast returning species, such as bamboo, are the most promising for biochar production, and could be used as an excellent soil conditioner to recuperate degraded areas, stock carbon and recycling nutrients. The experiment was carried out on greenhouse condition as completely randomized design, under a factorial arrangement (3×3), been three pyrolysis condition (400 ºC, 500 ºC and 600 ºC), applied at 40 t ha-1 and three phosphate sources: Nature Phosphate (NP), Simple Superphosphate (SS) and Triple Superphosphate (TS) (100 kg ha-1 as P2O5), during one year with four crop rotation of cowpea and corn. The presence of biochar, independently of pyrolysis temperature, allowed value of shoot dry matter highest in the first two crops rotation and the P contents in the soil were increased up to third crop, however, it is showing statistic difference only in the soil after the two cowpea crops, in which the interaction showed similar behavior between the more soluble source (TS) and the less soluble source (NP). The concentrations of foliar P were similar between the two cowpea crops, thus in the corn crops the concentrations of foliar P were higher in the second crop and showed significance in the two crops. The presence of biochar modified the nature behavior of the phosphate sources, becoming similar P availability.

Physical, Chemical, Morphological and Mineralogical Characterization Surface and Subsurface in Hydromorphic and Non-hydromorphic Soil of the Central Amazon

“…The pH in water (H 2 O) and in potassium chloride (KCl) showed an increasing trend in both soils studied with depth ( Figures 4A and 4B). Despite the water pH of soils with values between 5.1 and 5.5, the pH normally found for soils in the Amazon is below 4.5 in most cases, as observed by Lima (2001), Falcão and Silva (2004), and Oliveira et al (2019). The soil pH can have a double influence on the availability and adsorption of phosphorus (P) in the soil.…”

Biochar Yield From Shell of Brazil Nut Fruit and Its Effects on Soil Acidity and Phosphorus Availability in Central Amazonian Yellow Oxisol

“…Since approximately 75% of P applied to Brazilian soils, as soluble phosphate fertilizer, is sorbed on the colloidal soil particles resulting in a low agronomic efficiency of this element (Raij, 2011), the presence of biochar may represent an "ally" in the soil cost reduction process in phosphate fertilizer. Oliveira et al (2019), working with bamboo biochar under different temperatures and different phosphate sources, reports that the P levels were higher in the treatment with biochar (500 ºC) and triple superphosphate, in a rotation of 4 successive cycles, also allowing the observation of a longer effect of this soluble source It is also noted that P levels, regardless of P 2 O 5 levels, were affected by the presence of biochar, which may be associated with P sorption capacity by biochar, and may play an important role in the sorption and desorption of P in the process soil, acting as a more efficient P adsorbent per gram of material than soil clay fractions. Rajapaksha et al (2015) reported that the presence of biochar in the soil resulted in increased pH, CTC and P content.…”