Biochar from Pine and Birch Morphology and Pore Structure Change by Treatment in Biofilter

Baltrėnas, Pranas; Baltrėnaitė, Edita; Spudulis, Edmundas

doi:10.1007/s11270-015-2295-8

Cited by 54 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Biochar was prepared at a temperature of 750°C. The biochar of this type has a large BET (Brunauer-EmmettTeller method) surface area (300-400 m 2 /g) due to the developed microporous system, providing conditions for the adsorption of pollutants, as well as for the survival of microorganisms (Baltrėnas et al, 2015).…”

Section: The Selection Of the Biofilter Bed Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling

Baltrėnas

Baltrėnaitė

Kleiza

et al. 2016

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Biofiltration is a method of biological treatment belonging to cleaner technologies because it does not produce secondary air pollutants, but helps to integrate natural processes in microorganisms for decomposing volatile air pollutants and solving odor problems. The birch wood biochar has been chosen as a principal material for biofilter bed medium. The experiments were conducted at the temperatures of 24, 28, and 32°C, while the concentration of acetone, xylene, and ammonium reached 300 mg/m 3 and the flow rate was 100 m 3 /hr. Before passing through the stage of the experimental research into the packing material inside biofilters, microorganisms were introduced. Four strains of microorganisms (including micromycetes Aspergillus versicolor BF-4 and Cladosporium herbarum 7KA, as well as yeast Exophiala sp. BF1 and bacterium Bacillus subtilis B20) were selected. At the inlet loading rate of 120 g/m 3 /hr, the highest elimination capacity of xylene in the biochar-based biofilter with the inoculated medium was 103 g/m 3 /hr, whereas that of ammonia was 102 g/m 3 /hr and that of acetone was 97 g/m 3 /hr, respectively. The maximum removal efficiency reached 86%, 85%, and 81%, respectively. The temperature condition (though characterized by some rapid changes) can hardly have a considerable influence on the biological effect (i.e., microbiological activity) of biofiltration; however, it can cause the changes in physical properties (e.g., solubility) of the investigated compounds.Implications: The birch biochar can be successfully used in the biofiltration system for propagation of inoculated microorganisms, biodegrading acetone, xylene, and ammonia. At the inlet loading rate of 120 g/m 3 /hr, the highest elimination capacity of xylene was 103 g/m 3 /hr, that of ammonia was 102 g/m 3 /hr, and that of acetone was 97 g/m 3 /hr, respectively. The morphological structure of biochar can be affected by the aggressive air contaminants, causing the change in the medium specific surface area, which is one of the factors controlling the biofilter performance. Although biological effects in biofiltration are typically considered to be more important than physical effects, the former may be more important for compounds with high Henry's Law coefficient values, and the biofilter design should thus provide conditions for better compound absorption.PAPER HISTORY

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Section: The Selection Of the Biofilter Bed Mediummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morphological tests on biochar were performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Giffin et al, 2013). The SEM analysis was performed using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (JEOL ISM-7600 F) The samples without coating were analyzed using low voltage (4 kV) (Baltrėnas et al, 2015).…”

Section: Morphological Analysis Of Biocharmentioning

confidence: 99%

A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling

Baltrėnas

Baltrėnaitė

Kleiza

et al. 2016

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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“…Then, they had been dried for 48 h at room temperature. The pyrolysis was performed at 450°C and lasted for 2 h [6,19], while the specimens were placed in closed aluminium containers [23,44] in the E5CK-T muffle furnace under the conditions of limited airflow. The methods adapted according to Wong and Li's [48] recommendations were used for detecting metals in biochar.…”

Section: The Modelled Objectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Balance of Metals in the Amended Soil for the Case of ‘Atmosphere–Plant–Soil’ System

Baltrėnaitė

Lietuvninkas

Baltrėnas

2016

Environ Model Assess

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Changing the concepts of economic development and introducing new amendments can hardly decrease the accumulation in the soil of such pollutants as metals, remaining there for a long time. The predictive models for describing the balance of metals in the soil, which are based on the 'atmosphere-plant-soil' system and reflect the complicated physical-chemical nature of the metals' migration, expressed by coefficients obtained in long-term observations in natural conditions, allow for evaluating long-term concentration of metals in the soil. The model BALANS evaluates selfpurification of soil, taking into account the uptake of metals of aerogenic origin by the soil together with amendments, their physical-chemical migration and the type of microrelief determining its intensity as well as the absorbed biomass of plants and the removal of metals with crops. In this model, the half-period of metals' washing out from the soil, found for the microrelief characteristic of low places, exceeds 200 years for Ni, Cr and Pb and makes 90 and 150 years for Zn and Cu, respectively.

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“…The criteria for selecting the biochar for adsorption of metals According to the European Biochar Certificate, lignocellulosic feedstock is the most valuable raw material in terms of its accessibility and waste management reasons. Pinus sylvestris L. and Betula pendula L. woody biochar was used in biofiltration systems for removal of volatile compounds from the air (Baltrėnas et al 2015. Properties of wood, that can influence the adsorption of metals, include lignin, water content, mineral composition, morphology and pore structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Modification with FeCl3 and MgCl2 on Adsorption Characteristics of Woody Biochar

Chemerys

Baltrėnaitė²

2017

Proccedings of 10th International Conference "Environmental Engineering"

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Abstract. Due to high specific surface area, well-developed porous structure and surface functionality biochar has a potential for being used as low-cost adsorbent for adsorption of organic and inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions. Higher adsorption capacity and selectivity for metals could be further developed after modification of properties of biochar through physical ("designed biochar") and chemical ("engineered biochar") modification techniques. Wood waste of three types [aspen (Populus tremula L.), pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and fir (Picea abies L.)] were selected to produce the biochar under slow pyrolysis conditions at 450 °C for 2 h with the heating rate of 10 °C/min. Mg and Fe-particles, acting as potential sorption sites for adsorption of metals, were added into the biochar through modification of the biochar with metal salts MgCl2 and FeCl3. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of chemical modifications of woody biochar with MgCl2 and FeCl3 on the adsorption characteristics of the biochar. The engineered biochar with improved physico-chemical and sorptive properties was evaluated as potential adsorbent of metals from aqueous solutions. Such characteristics of the biochar, as density, porosity, pH, cation exchange capacity, electrical conductivity, moisture content, ash content, water holding capacity, total organic carbon were analyzed. Modifications followed by increasing of moisture and ash content. While carrying out the future adsorption experiment, significantly decreased pH and electrical conductivity of the engineered biochar should be taken into account. Increased cation exchange capacity of the engineered biochar promotes enhanced adsorption of metals.

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Biochar from Pine and Birch Morphology and Pore Structure Change by Treatment in Biofilter

Cited by 54 publications

References 23 publications

A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling

A biochar-based medium in the biofiltration system: Removal efficiency, microorganism propagation, and the medium penetration modeling

Modelling the Balance of Metals in the Amended Soil for the Case of ‘Atmosphere–Plant–Soil’ System

Effect of Modification with FeCl3 and MgCl2 on Adsorption Characteristics of Woody Biochar

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