Biochar characteristics and application rates affecting corn growth and properties of soils contrasting in texture and mineralogy

Butnan, Somchai; Deenik, Jonathan; Toomsan, B.; Antal, Michael Jerry; Vityakon, Patma

doi:10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.08.010

Cited by 215 publications

(176 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In a greenhouse trial in Thailand, Butnan et al (2015) found that in the first growth cycle maize yield decreased in acidic loamy-sand amended with a Eucalyptus wood-based BC that underwent flash carbonisation at high PTs (800°C), while no effect was shown with the same BC in sub-acidic silt-clay-loam soils and on both soils using a BC kilned at low PT (350°C). However, results changed in the second crop cycle, as yields arose as much as 600% in the silty-clay-loam soil and 250% in the loamy-sand soil amended with low PT BC.…”

Section: Interaction With Soil Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many recent studies have reported increased crop yield (Subedi et al, 2016a;Vaccari et al, 2011;Usman et al, 2016;Kammann et al, 2012;Baronti et al, 2010;Uzoma et al, 2011;Houben et al, 2013;Genesio et al, 2015;Cornelissen et al, 2013;De La Rosa et al, 2014;Fox et al, 2014;Gregory et al, 2014;Lin et al, 2015;Schmidt et al, 2015;Butnan et al, 2015;Laghari et al, 2015;Mandal et al, 2016). Others have reported no yield effect (Cornelissen et al, 2013;Uzoma et al, 2011;Nelissen et al, 2015;Subedi et al, 2016aSubedi et al, , 2016bNielsen et al, 2014;Tammeorg et al, 2014;Suddick and Six, 2013;Schmidt et al, 2014;Bass et al, 2016).…”

Section: Biochar Effects On Crop Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Others have reported no yield effect (Cornelissen et al, 2013;Uzoma et al, 2011;Nelissen et al, 2015;Subedi et al, 2016aSubedi et al, , 2016bNielsen et al, 2014;Tammeorg et al, 2014;Suddick and Six, 2013;Schmidt et al, 2014;Bass et al, 2016). Conversly, few studies have instead described reduced crop yields (Deenik et al, 2010;Baronti et al, 2010;Marks et al, 2014;Nelissen et al, 2014;Bass et al, 2016;Butnan et al, 2015;Laghari et al, 2015). Therefore, interest has emerged to study BC effects that negatively alter crop growth (Jeffery et al, 2011(Jeffery et al, , 2015aSpokas et al, 2012;Biederman and Harpole, 2013;Wang et al, 2016, Olmo et al, 2016.…”

Section: Biochar Effects On Crop Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The authors speculated that yield decreased in the soil amended with the flash-carbonised-char came from the deleterious effects on plant growth of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (amount not quantified), and to the antagonistic effects of high-K content on Ca + and Mg + . They attributed the second crop cycle increased yield to BC ageing in the soil that increased soil CEC, nutrient availability, water-holding capacity, liming, and reduced Al and Mn toxicity DeLuca et al, 2015;Butnan et al, 2015).…”

Section: Interaction With Soil Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite its many benefits, BC also poses risks, associated with the properties of the original feedstock and thermal process conditions (Deenik et al, 2010;Spokas et al, 2011;Freddo et al, 2012;Barrow, 2012;Quilliam et al, 2013b;Butnan et al, 2015;CampsArbestain et al, 2015;Domene et al, 2015;Genesio et al, 2016). These can range from heavy metal soil accumulation to toxic compound release, and to other negative effects on soil biota and human health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

et al. 2017

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Biochar (BC) from biomass waste pyrolysis has been widely studied due to its ability to increase carbon sequestration, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and enhance both crop growth and soil quality. This review summarises the current knowledge of BC production, characterisation, and types, with a focus on its positive effects on crop yield and soil properties vs the unintended risks associated with these effects. Biochar-amended soils enhance crop growth and yield via several mechanisms: expanded plant nutrient and water availability through increased use efficiencies, improved soil quality, and suppression of soil and plant diseases. Yield response to BC has been shown to be more evident in acidic and sandy soils than in alkaline and fine-textured soils. Biochar composition and properties vary considerably with feedstock and pyrolysis conditions so much that its concentrations of toxic compounds and heavy metals can negatively impact crop and soil health. Consequently, more small-scale and greenhouse-sited studies are in process to investigate the role of BC/soil/crop types on crop growth, and the mechanisms by which they influence crop yield. Similarly, a need exists for long-term, field-scale studies on the effects (beneficial and harmful) of BC amendment on soil health and crop yields, so that production guidelines and quality standards may be developed for BCs derived from a range of feedstocks.

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Section: Interaction With Soil Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biochar Effects On Crop Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Biochar Effects On Crop Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interaction With Soil Typementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

et al. 2017

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Soil Management for Carbon Sequestration

Rasafi

Moukhtari

Haouas

et al. 2023

Agroecological Approaches for Sustainable Soil Management

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Biochar affects growth and shoot nitrogen in four crops for two soils

Olszyk

Shiroyama²,

Novak

et al. 2020

Agrosystems Geosci & Env

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To address the need for information on biochar effects on crop growth and nitrogen (N), a greenhouse study was conducted with carrot, lettuce, soybean, and sweet corn using sandy loam (Coxville series) and loamy sand (Norfolk series) soils and a variety of biochars. Biochar was produced from pine chips (PC), poultry litter (PL), swine solids (SS), switchgrass (SG), and two blends of PC plus PL (50/50% [55] and 80/20% [82], wt/wt), with each feedstock pyrolyzed at 350, 500, or 700˚C. The results confirmed that biochar can increase crop growth; however, the responses varied with crop, soil, and feedstock and to a lesser extent with pyrolysis temperature. In general, lettuce had large increases in shoot and root dry weights vs. no-biochar controls with many biochars, primarily the SS and 55 blend and to a lesser extent with 82 followed by PL, and then PC and SG, especially when grown in the Coxville soil. Biochar had more limited effects on carrot, sweet corn, and soybean weights. Some biochars decreased crop growth (e.g., PL at 700˚C) for soybean shoot and pod dry weights with the Norfolk soil. Shoot N concentrations decreased with SS, 55, and 82 for carrot, lettuce, and sweet corn with the Norfolk soil but tended to increase for soybean. Shoot N uptake increased or decreased depending on biochar feedstock and temperature, crop, and soil. These results confirm that biochar can increase crop growth and affect shoot N, which is essential for crop growth.

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Biochar characteristics and application rates affecting corn growth and properties of soils contrasting in texture and mineralogy

Cited by 215 publications

References 60 publications

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

Crop response to soils amended with biochar: expected benefits and unintended risks

Soil Management for Carbon Sequestration

Biochar affects growth and shoot nitrogen in four crops for two soils

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