Biochar bound urea boosts plant growth and reduces nitrogen leaching

Chen, Wei; Ju, Yanyan; Bian, Rongjun; Li, Lianqing; Long, R. J.; Mitchell, David R. G.; Munroe, Paul; Taherymoosavi, Sarasadat; Pan, Genxing

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134424

Cited by 172 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The better lettuce yields observed in BFs amendments than in pure mineral fertiliser amendments are in agreement with formerly concluded studies by Lusta Filho et al [5], Chen et al [12], Shi et al [31], Liao et al [34] and others. The improved agronomic efficiency observed with the application of BFs can be attributable to the slow release nature of the BFs because lessened rates of N release check on leaching and gaseous emissions of N while slow release of P prevents its fixation in the soil.…”

Section: Agronomic Efficiency Of the Bfssupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Its worthy noting that the biochar based slow release fertilisers employed in almost all the former studies have included clay minerals especially bentonite -with a purpose of improving the slow release capacities of those fertilisers as was confirmed by An et al [19]. Shi et al [31] for example included both bentonite and sepiolite in their biochar-based urea fertiliser formulation and reported that the biochar based urea fertiliser leached only about 60% of the added N against 85% leached from the pure urea over a 30-day experimental period. Puga et al [13] also prepended bentonite to their formulated BFs, albeit it didn't play any role in slowing down N release from the formulated fertilisers.…”

Section: Slow Releases Of N and P From Bbfsmentioning

confidence: 93%

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Sorption of urea hydrogen peroxide by co-pyrolysed bone meal and cow dung slowed-down phosphorus and nitrogen releases but boosted agronomic efficiency

et al. 2020

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Co-pyrolysis of animal manure biomass with bone meal (BM) and soaking of the resultant biochar in urea containing solutions may offer a sustainable and cheap way of formulating slow-release nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilisers. This method can lead to optimisation of the carbon sequestration capacity of the biochar, abatement of environmental pollution by P and N and alleviation of the severity of the projected future scarcity of P. A few studies have indicated that sorption can create efficient slow-release fertilisers although all of them utilised charged moieties such as ammonium ions to formulate them and as a result, there is a paucity of data concerning the efficiency of fertilisers formulated using uncharged compounds like urea. It’s against that background that we examined the possibility of leveraging co-pyrolysis and sorption with urea containing solutions to formulate slow-release N and P fertilisers along with assessing the agronomic efficiency of the formulated fertilisers through cultivating lettuce in pots for two seasons. Both urea-hydrogen peroxide (UHP) and urea were utilised as N sources. UHP (CDBM-UHP) and urea (CDBM-Urea) containing biochars averagely released 64.40% and 87.00% of the added N, respectively over the 28-day incubation period with the amount of N released decreasing with increasing concentrations of BM in the biochar. Lettuce yields and nutrient use efficiencies of N and P were higher in the CDBM-UHP than in the CDBM-Urea treatments. It’s therefore clear that sorption of UHP by BM containing biochar concomitantly slows-down releases of N and P and boosts the agronomic efficiency of the fertilisers.

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Section: Agronomic Efficiency Of the Bfssupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Slow Releases Of N and P From Bbfsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Sorption of urea hydrogen peroxide by co-pyrolysed bone meal and cow dung slowed-down phosphorus and nitrogen releases but boosted agronomic efficiency

et al. 2020

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“…In recent years, several studies reported that biochar can be used as a slow-release fertilizer. For example, Shi et al (2020) conducted a pot study and found that biochar-urea composite release N slowly than conventional urea fertilizer and thus it was more effective in NH 4 + -N retention. This agreement was supported by Sashidhar et al (2020) who also reported that biochar-based slow-release fertilizer (BSRF) releases N slowly by 69.8% over a period of 30 days.…”

Section: Nutrient Retentionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant

Hossain

Bahar

Sarkar

et al. 2020

Biochar

379

125

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Biochar, an environmentally friendly soil conditioner, is produced using several thermochemical processes. It has unique characteristics like high surface area, porosity, and surface charges. This paper reviews the fertilizer value of biochar, and its effects on soil properties, and nutrient use efficiency of crops. Biochar serves as an important source of plant nutrients, especially nitrogen in biochar produced from manures and wastes at low temperature (≤ 400 °C). The phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrient contents are higher in manure/waste biochars than those in crop residues and woody biochars. The nutrient contents and pH of biochar are positively correlated with pyrolysis temperature, except for nitrogen content. Biochar improves the nutrient retention capacity of soil, which depends on porosity and surface charge of biochar. Biochar increases nitrogen retention in soil by reducing leaching and gaseous loss, and also increases phosphorus availability by decreasing the leaching process in soil. However, for potassium and other nutrients, biochar shows inconsistent (positive and negative) impacts on soil. After addition of biochar, porosity, aggregate stability, and amount of water held in soil increase and bulk density decreases. Mostly, biochar increases soil pH and, thus, influences nutrient availability for plants. Biochar also alters soil biological properties by increasing microbial populations, enzyme activity, soil respiration, and microbial biomass. Finally, nutrient use efficiency and nutrient uptake improve with the application of biochar to soil. Thus, biochar can be a potential nutrient reservoir for plants and a good amendment to improve soil properties.

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“…The residual fermentation broth is harmless to organisms during preparation, and a certain amount of residual succinic acid is present in the fermentation broth. As a result, urea can be used as a biological fertilizer in the fermentation broth to promote crop growth (Shi et al, 2019). CO 2 produced by synthesizing succinimide can be used for microbial cultivation in the pre-succinic acid fermentation (Wu et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-Stage Crystallization Combining Direct Succinimide Synthesis for the Recovery of Succinic Acid From Fermentation Broth

Yang

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Succinic acid is an important chemical and raw material widely used in medicine, food, biodegradable materials, fine chemicals, and other industrial fields. However, traditional methods for purifying succinic acid from fermentation broth are costly, poorly efficient, and harmful to the environment. In this study, an efficient method for purifying succinic acid from the fermentation broth of Escherichia coli NZN111 was developed through crystallization and co-crystallization with urea. First, the filtrate was collected by filtering the fermentation broth, and pH was adjusted to 2.0 by supplementing sulfuric acid. Crystallization was carried out at 8 • C for 4 h to obtain succinic acid crystals. The recovery rate and purity of succinic acid were 73.4% and over 99%, respectively. Then, urea was added to the remaining solution with a mass ratio of urea to residual succinic acid of 4:1 (m urea /m SA). The second crystallization was carried out at pH 2 and 4 • C for 12 h to obtain succinic acid-urea co-crystal. The recovery rate of succinic acid residue was 92.0%. The succinic acid-urea crystal was further mixed with phosphorous acid (4.2% of the mass of succinic acid co-crystal) and maintained at 195 • C for 6 h to synthesize succinimide, and the yield was >80%. This novel and efficient purification process was characterized by the significantly reduced urea consumption, and high succinic acid recovery (totally 95%), and high succinimide synthesis yield (80%). Thus, this study potentially provided a novel and efficient strategy for the industrial production of succinic acid and succinimide.

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Biochar bound urea boosts plant growth and reduces nitrogen leaching

Cited by 172 publications

References 38 publications

Sorption of urea hydrogen peroxide by co-pyrolysed bone meal and cow dung slowed-down phosphorus and nitrogen releases but boosted agronomic efficiency

Sorption of urea hydrogen peroxide by co-pyrolysed bone meal and cow dung slowed-down phosphorus and nitrogen releases but boosted agronomic efficiency

Biochar and its importance on nutrient dynamics in soil and plant

Two-Stage Crystallization Combining Direct Succinimide Synthesis for the Recovery of Succinic Acid From Fermentation Broth

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