Biochar as an Eco-Friendly and Economical Adsorbent for the Removal of Colorants (Dyes) from Aqueous Environment: A Review

Srivatsav, Prithvi; Bhargav, Bhaskar Sriharsha; Shanmugasundaram, Vignesh; Arun, Jayaseelan; Gopinath, Kannappan Panchamoorthy; Bhatnagar, Amit

doi:10.3390/w12123561

Cited by 165 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 141 publications

(179 reference statements)

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“…The process of biochar adsorption mainly depends on pyrolysis conditions, surface functional properties, feedstock forms, and biochar porosity [39]. Several studies have reported on the adsorption of inorganic and organic pollutants from aqueous solutions using biochars [21,40]. They have investigated the impact of several factors such as pyrolysis temperature and solution pH on the adsorption process [41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochars derived from bamboo and rice straw for sorption of basic red dyes

Sackey

Song

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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The primary purpose of this study is to eliminate Basic Red 46 dye from aqueous solutions utilizing batch experiments by adsorption on biochars prepared from bamboo and rice straw biomass. Biochars prepared from bamboo (B), and rice straw (R) was pyrolyzed at 500°C (B500 and R500). Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), and surface area and porosity analyzers were used to characterize the B500 and R500 samples. The characterization results indicated that the biochars possessed an amorphous porous structure with many functional groups consisting primarily of silicates. The adsorption rate of BR46 was evaluated using two kinetic models (pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order), and the results indicated that the pseudo-second-order model fitted to the experimental data well (R2>0.99). Nearly 24 h was sufficient to achieve equilibrium with the dye adsorption for the two biochars. R500 had a greater adsorption efficiency than B500. As pH levels increased, the dye’s adsorption capability increased as well. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to investigate the equilibrium behavior of BR46 adsorption, and the equilibrium data fitted well with the Langmuir model (R2>0.99) compared to the Freundlich model (R2>0.89). The maximum adsorption capacities of BR46 are 9.06 mg/g for B500 and 22.12 mg/g for R500, respectively. Additionally, adsorption capacity increased as temperature increased, indicating that adsorption is favored at higher temperatures. The electrostatic interaction is shown to be the dominant mechanism of BR46 adsorption, and BR46 acts as an electron-acceptor, contributing to n-π EDA (Electron Donor-Acceptor) interaction. Thermodynamic parameters for the dye-adsorbent system revealed that the adsorption process is spontaneous and feasible. The values of the adsorption coefficient (Kd) were on the order of 102−103. Kd of R500 was greater than that of B500, indicating that R500 had a greater adsorption capacity. The results showed that R500 could be used as a low-cost alternative adsorbent for removing BR46 from effluents.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochars derived from bamboo and rice straw for sorption of basic red dyes

Sackey

Song

et al. 2021

PLoS ONE

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“…131 Methyl orange (MO), methylene blue (MB), reactive yellow 145, malachite green (MG), methyl violet (MV), organic dye sunset yellow (SY), alizarin yellow, and Congo red are some common dyes that have harmful effects on the environment and human beings when disposed into water bodies. 132 Thus, the adsorption of these dyes by magnetic chitosan adsorbents will reduce their adverse effects in the community. The adsorption of MO onto magnetic chitosan beads (MagCH) was conducted and the influence of pH in the system was investigated.…”

Section: Magnetic Chitosan Adsorbents For Dyesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and application of magnetic chitosan in environmental remediation and other fields: A review

Shaumbwa

Liu

Archer

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Magnetic chitosan has received considerable attention over the decades due to its low cost, biodegradability, green sources, magnetic intensity. In this review, we reviewed the preparation methods of magnetic chitosan using co-precipitation, cross-linking and electrochemical. Therein cross-linking methodologies involved in the reaction of amino groups are facile to introduce additional reaction groups and improve anti-swelling of chitosan layers, mostly in an acidic environment. Besides, we focused on the applications of magnetic chitosan in various fields such as wastewater treatment, for example, removal of heavy metal ions, organic/inorganic dyes, fluorides, and pesticides. Moreover, magnetic chitosan also reveals great potential application in the field of medical, pharmaceutical, food and electronic screening. Above all, magnetic chitosan is economically and operationally beneficial as it can be easily separated and controlled with an external magnetic field and can be modified to maximize its functions.

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“…Several studies found that activated bio-char sorption technologies are highly efficient and economical as compared to conventional methods for contaminant removal or wastewater treatment [66][67][68][69]. Other water treatment technologies have several limitations as compared to activated bio-char.…”

Section: 32345051]mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on Preparation and Characterization of Activated Bio-Char

Azad

Pateriya

Sharma

2021

IJECC

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Activated charcoal (AC) is a carbonaceous material with high surface area due to high degree of micro-porosity which makes it a very versatile adsorbent for utilization in industrial, medicinal, environmental and other fields. Ligno-cellulosic biomass (eg. pine needles, paddy stubbles, other waste agricultural residue) can be a prominent raw material for activated bio-char due to its abundance, slow decomposition (which lead to fire/ air pollution). The main factors which affect the AC characteristics (surface area, micropore volume, mesopore volume) are biomass properties, impregnation ratio, impregnation time, activation temperature and activation time. The specific surface area, micropore, mesopore decreases after optimum value with continually increase in impregnation ratio and impregnation time. The activation temperature and impregnation ratio also affect the AC yield significantly. Sorption capacity get affected by adsorbent doses, contact time, agitation speed, adsorption temperature due to availability of active binding sites, adsorptive forces/ bonds.

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Biochar as an Eco-Friendly and Economical Adsorbent for the Removal of Colorants (Dyes) from Aqueous Environment: A Review

Cited by 165 publications

References 141 publications

Biochars derived from bamboo and rice straw for sorption of basic red dyes

Biochars derived from bamboo and rice straw for sorption of basic red dyes

Preparation and application of magnetic chitosan in environmental remediation and other fields: A review

A Review on Preparation and Characterization of Activated Bio-Char

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