Biochar and woodchip amended bioreactor extending reactive volume for enhanced denitrification in stormwater runoff

Stormwater applications of zeolite-coated biofilm carriers for ammonium removal with possible applications to PFAS biotransformation

“…39,40 Other studies have also found that zeolite particles and spherical polymer cages containing zeolite retain anammox biomass, enhance nitrogen removal, and even increase specific anammox activity in wastewater environments. [50][51][52] In stormwater, the use of zeolite for abiotic ammonium removal has been reported 53,54 as well as the use of zeolite particles 32,55 and other carrier materials such as biochar 47,56,57 for the enrichment and/or retention of nitrogen-cycling microbial communities in wetland and stormwater bioretention systems. Although the feammox process has been shown to remove ammonium in constructed ferric iron amended wetland mesocosms, 29 no work has been reported on efforts to retain feammox bacteria in stormwater treatment systems, or to study the retention of A6 in the presence of a biofilm carrier.…”